Piezoelectric and Elastic Properties of γ-Irradiated Gadolinium Calcium Oxoborate, GdCa4O(BO3)3, Single Crystal

Markiewicz, Ewa; Pawlaczyk, Cz.; Pajączkowska, A.; Kłos, A.

doi:10.1080/00150190902987749

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Generally, harsh environments accompanying high temperature include low

p_{O_{2}}

atmospheres, vacuum, high pressure/corrosive steam, high level of radiation, etc., thus it is essential to investigate the electrical properties of high temperature piezoelectric materials under those conditions. It has been reported that hard γ radiation has limited effects on GdCOB crystals at room temperature, thus oxyborate crystals are projected to be used for structural health monitoring of the nuclear reactors at high dose irradiation of >10 5 Gy . However, studies need to be performed on crystals under the combination of high temperature, hard irradiation, and corrosive environments, to better understand the reliability and stability of the piezoelectric materials under practical operational conditions.…”

Section: Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piezoelectric Materials for High Temperature Sensors

Zhang

2011

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

720

379

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Piezoelectric materials that can function at high temperatures without failure are desired for structural health monitoring and/or nondestructive evaluation of the next generation turbines, more efficient jet engines, steam, and nuclear/electrical power plants. The operational temperature range of smart transducers is limited by the sensing capability of the piezoelectric material at elevated temperatures, increased conductivity and mechanical attenuation, variation of the piezoelectric properties with temperature. This article discusses properties relevant to sensor applications, including piezoelectric materials that are commercially available and those that are under development. Compared to ferroelectric polycrystalline materials, piezoelectric single crystals avoid domain-related aging behavior, while possessing high electrical resistivities and low losses, with excellent thermal property stability. Of particular interest is oxyborate [ReCa 4 O (BO 3 ) 3 ] single crystals for ultrahigh temperature applications (>1000°C). These crystals offer piezoelectric coefficients d eff , and electromechanical coupling factors k eff , on the order of 3-16 pC/N and 6%-31%, respectively, significantly higher than those values of a-quartz piezocrystals (~2 pC/N and 8%). Furthermore, the absence of phase transitions prior to their melting points~1500°C, together with ultrahigh electrical resistivities (>10 6 Ω·cm at 1000°C) and thermal stability of piezoelectric properties (< 20% variations in the range of room temperature~1000°C), allow potential operation at extreme temperature and harsh environments. J ournalFeature investigated for high temperature pressure, mass, and chemical/gas measurements. To date, quartz (a-SiO 2 ), lithium niobate (LiNbO 3 ), langasite (La 3 Ga 5 SiO 14 ), and gallium orthophosphate GaPO 4 , have been widely investigated for SAW/BAW high temperature sensor applications. 13,14 The purpose of this feature article is to present an overview of various types of piezoelectric materials that are used for sensors, while focusing on high temperature piezoelectric single crystals, specifically, langasites (with formula A 3 BC 3 D 2 O 14 ) and oxyborate (ReCa 4 O(BO 3 ) 3 ) crystals. In this review, issues and critical parameters relevant to high temperature sensing will be discussed, followed by an extensive review of piezoelectrics, including ferroelectric materials with various crystallographic structures and nonferroelectric piezoelectric single crystals. Furthermore, the high temperature behavior of various piezoelectric materials will be presented, including temperature dependent electrical resistivity, dielectric, piezoelectric, electromechanical, and frequency characteristics. Lastly, a brief summary and anticipated future development in the area of piezoelectric materials for high temperature sensors will be given.

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“…Generally, harsh environments accompanying high temperature include low

p_{O_{2}}

Section: Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piezoelectric Materials for High Temperature Sensors

Zhang

2011

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

720

379

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…They are widely used in lasers and nonlinear and piezoelectric fields and are optoelectronic functional materials with excellent performance. [7][8][9][10][11][12] Among the REECOB crystals, research on GdCa 4 O(BO 3 ) 3 and YCa 4 O(BO 3 ) 3 crystals is significant and has never stopped. The Yb:YCOB crystal was reported to realize 10.1 W continuous wavelength laser output at 1085 nm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, thermal, and polarized spectral properties of the Sm:GdCa₄O(BO₃)₃ crystal for a reddish-orange laser

Wang

Pan

et al. 2022

CrystEngComm

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“…A high-temperature environment generally accompanies many other challenging conditions, for example, low pO 2 and hard irradiation etc. The sensors must withstand not only the high temperatures (usually >650 °C) but also irradiation or low oxygen partial pressures. − Although different prototype piezoelectric sensors have been designed based on ReCOB (Re: Y and Gd) crystals, ,, the stabilities of the electroelastic properties under high-energy heavy ion irradiation conditions have not been investigated in detail. Thus, it is desired to understand the performance of piezoelectric materials under hard irradiations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Electroelastic Properties of YCOB and GdCOB Crystals Irradiated by 6 MeV Xe²³⁺ Ions

Tian

Jiang

Chen

et al. 2020

Crystal Growth & Design

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YCa4O(BO3)3 (YCOB) and GdCa4O(BO3)3 (GdCOB) crystals are promising piezoelectric materials for high-temperature sensing applications. The high-temperature condition is accompanied by hard irradiation, such as in a nuclear power plant. In this study, the electroelastic properties of YCOB and GdCOB crystals irradiated by different doses of 6 MeV Xe23+ (1013, 1015, and 1016 ions/cm2) were studied in the temperature range of 25–850 °C. YCOB and GdCOB crystals exhibit good electrical resistivity stability with irradiation, where the resistivity of >108 Ω·cm is achieved @700 °C. Meanwhile, the electroelastic properties are found to maintain similar values, with variations being less than 8% after irradiation. The band gaps of the YCOB and GdCOB crystals are narrowed upon irradiation, leading to a slight decrease in electrical resistivity, while the slight increase in the dielectric permittivity after irradiation is associated with the irradiation-induced distortion of the structure and weakening of chemical bonding. All the irradiation resistant properties demonstrate that the bulk YCOB and GdCOB crystals are good candidates for use in high-temperature piezoelectric sensing under harsh environments including hard irradiation.

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Piezoelectric and Elastic Properties of γ-Irradiated Gadolinium Calcium Oxoborate, GdCa₄O(BO₃)₃, Single Crystal

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

Piezoelectric Materials for High Temperature Sensors

Piezoelectric Materials for High Temperature Sensors

Growth, thermal, and polarized spectral properties of the Sm:GdCa₄O(BO₃)₃ crystal for a reddish-orange laser

Evaluation of Electroelastic Properties of YCOB and GdCOB Crystals Irradiated by 6 MeV Xe²³⁺ Ions

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Piezoelectric and Elastic Properties of γ-Irradiated Gadolinium Calcium Oxoborate, GdCa4O(BO3)3, Single Crystal

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

Piezoelectric Materials for High Temperature Sensors

Piezoelectric Materials for High Temperature Sensors

Growth, thermal, and polarized spectral properties of the Sm:GdCa4O(BO3)3 crystal for a reddish-orange laser

Evaluation of Electroelastic Properties of YCOB and GdCOB Crystals Irradiated by 6 MeV Xe23+ Ions

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Product

Resources

About

Piezoelectric and Elastic Properties of γ-Irradiated Gadolinium Calcium Oxoborate, GdCa₄O(BO₃)₃, Single Crystal

Growth, thermal, and polarized spectral properties of the Sm:GdCa₄O(BO₃)₃ crystal for a reddish-orange laser

Evaluation of Electroelastic Properties of YCOB and GdCOB Crystals Irradiated by 6 MeV Xe²³⁺ Ions