Piezo-electric tuning fork tip—sample distance control for near field optical microscopes

Karraï, K.; Grober, Robert D.

doi:10.1016/0304-3991(95)00104-2

Cited by 113 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The utility of tuning forks in near-field optics was due to the pioneering efforts Karrai [30]. These efforts focused on how one may apply tuning forks to straight near-field optical glass probes.…”

Section: The Feedback Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These shear force methods were rapidly replaced by the much more successful method based on straight NSOM probes held with a parallel tuning fork along its axis also using shear force. This latter method was introduced by Karrai [30]. An advanced version of a tuning fork method using normal force tuning fork methodology was used with a cantilevered glass NSOM fiber probe in the paper by Mrejen et al [31].…”

Section: First Stepsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The optical near-field: super-resolution imaging with structural and phase correlation

et al. 2014

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An overview of near-field optics is presented with a focus on the fundamental advances that have been made in the field since its inception 30 years ago. A focus is placed on the advancements that have been achieved in instrumentation. These advances have led to a greater generality of use with ultra-low mechanical and optical noise and the ultimate in force sensitivity with near-field optical probes. An emphasis is placed on the importance of fully integrating near-field optics with other imaging and spectroscopic modalities including Raman spectroscopy and electron/ion beam imaging. Important directions in probe design, force feedback methods and scanner flexibility are described. These developing avenues provide considerable optimism for an ever increasing incorporation of near-field optics to help resolve critical problems in fundamental and applied science.

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Section: The Feedback Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: First Stepsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The optical near-field: super-resolution imaging with structural and phase correlation

et al. 2014

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“…The fork can be described with an effective harmonic oscillator model using Eq. (2) and replacing the mass of the oscillator (one tine) with an effective mass given by [14] …”

Section: Quartz Tuning Forkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quartz Tuning Forks and Acoustic Phenomena: Application to Superfluid Helium

Rysti

Tuoriniemi

2014

J Low Temp Phys

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Immersed mechanical resonators are well suited for probing the properties of fluids, since the surrounding environment influences the resonant characteristics of such oscillators in several ways. Quartz tuning forks have gained much popularity in recent years as the resonators of choice for studies of liquid helium. They have many superior properties when compared to other oscillating bodies conventionally used for this purpose, such as vibrating wires. However, the intricate geometry of a tuning fork represents a challenge for analyzing their behavior in a fluid environment -analytical approaches do not carry very far. In this article the characteristics of immersed quartz tuning fork resonators are studied by numerical simulations. We account for the compressibility of the medium, that is acoustic phenomena, and neglect viscosity, with the aim to realistically model the oscillator response in superfluid helium. The significance of different tuning fork shapes is studied. Acoustic emission in infinite medium and acoustic resonances in confined volumes are investigated. The results can aid in choosing a quartz tuning fork with suitable properties for experiments, as well as interpreting measured data.

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“…Today, the most common probes are sharpened optical fibers and several commercial products based on fiber SNOM are now available. The original STM feedback has been replaced by shear-force feedback, 24,25 and the tedious optical detection of the shear-force signal has largely been replaced by quartz tuning fork feedback 28,29 or similar techniques. One major concern for optical near-field microscopy is the low signal strength, in this case the low transmission through SNOM fibers since they act as cutoff waveguides for light near the apex.…”

Section: Scanning Near-field Optical Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

High-frequency near-field microscopy

Rosner

Weide

2002

Review of Scientific Instruments

218

133

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Conventional optics in the radio frequency ͑rf͒ through far-infrared ͑FIR͒ regime cannot resolve microscopic features since resolution in the far field is limited by wavelength. With the advent of near-field microscopy, rf and FIR microscopy have gained more attention because of their many applications including material characterization and integrated circuit testing. We provide a brief historical review of how near-field microscopy has developed, including a review of visible and infrared near-field microscopy in the context of our main theme, the principles and applications of near-field microscopy using millimeter to micrometer electromagnetic waves. We discuss and compare aspects of the remarkably wide range of different near-field techniques, which range from scattering type to aperture to waveguide structures.

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Piezo-electric tuning fork tip—sample distance control for near field optical microscopes

Cited by 113 publications

References 4 publications

The optical near-field: super-resolution imaging with structural and phase correlation

The optical near-field: super-resolution imaging with structural and phase correlation

Quartz Tuning Forks and Acoustic Phenomena: Application to Superfluid Helium

High-frequency near-field microscopy

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