Pierre Janet on Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (1903)

Pitman, Roger K.

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1987.01800150032005

Cited by 108 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This manifestation of OCD was described a century ago by the French physician and psychologist Pierre Janet (see Pitman, 1987b, for a translated précis of this work). In his Les obsessions et la psychasthénie, Janet described les sentiments d'incomplétude-incompleteness-an inner sense of imperfection, connected with the perception that actions or intentions have been incompletely achieved.…”

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confidence: 89%

Understanding and treating incompleteness in obsessive‐compulsive disorder

2004

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Incompleteness-the troubling and irremediable sense that one's actions or experiences are not "just right"--appears to underlie many of the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Because incompleteness may reflect basic sensory-affective dysfunction, it presents a challenge to clinicians wishing to apply cognitive-behavioral treatments. In this article, I review ways of adapting well-demonstrated treatment principles to this condition. A case is presented and then used to discuss challenges in conducting cognitive-behavioral therapy with this population. Behavioral methods aimed at habituation (e.g., exposure and ritual prevention [ERP]) are probably more applicable than conventional cognitive techniques. However, even these may result in modest long-term gains; relapse is a probability if they are not actively practiced after treatment cessation.

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confidence: 89%

Understanding and treating incompleteness in obsessive‐compulsive disorder

2004

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“…OCD was theorized to arise from an intense erosion of the organism's defensive structure and that resulting "exhaustion" or loss of sufficient vigor forced this organ-ism to use adaptive behaviors anatomically located in evalutionary lower CNS centers [see Anstie, 1864;Hughlings and Jackson, 1888;Janet, 1903;Kretchmer, 1929]; 2) in OCD's case neurasthenia-caused obsessions produced the affected organism such severe anxiety that a ritual behavior using the modus operandi of religious rituals, taboos, tokens, and fetishes develops to abolish the anxiety. Since compulsive behaviors relieve the severe anxiety of inserted thoughts, OCD thus becomes an anxiety disorder [Pitman, 1987]; and 3) OCD responds particularly well to behavioral interventions, some of which are effective in other anxiety disorders. The notion of OCD as an anxiety disorder has been reinforced to the point that few now believe it could be any other kind of disorder.…”

Section: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (Ocd): Is It Unlikely To Be Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical overview of the relationship between anxiety disorders and affective disorders

2001

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“…At the beginning of the twentieth century, Pierre Janet conceptualized obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), under the term 'psychasthenia' (Janet, 1903), a concept that is consistent with the notion of 'obsessive spectrum' from subthreshold obsessional traits, through obsessional personality, to obsessional neurosis (Pitman, 1987). Hollander employed the concept of spectrum for OCD using the term 'OCD-spectrumrelated syndromes and disorders' (Hollander and Wong, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validity and reliability of the Structured Clinical Interview for Obsessive‐Compulsive Spectrum (SCI‐OBS) and of the Structured Clinical Interview for Social Phobia Spectrum (SCI‐SHY)

Dell’Osso

Cassano

Sarno

et al. 2000

Int J Methods Psych Res

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This paper reports on the psychometric properties of the Structured Clinical Interview for ObsessiveCompulsive Spectrum (SCI-OBS) and the Structured Clinical Interview for Social Phobia Spectrum (SCI-SHY). Interviews were administered to 135 patients with psychiatric disorders and 119 controls. During the same session, subjects were given the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), the Checklist for Obsessions and Compulsions and the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS). Patients and raters also answered specific questions on acceptability and usefulness of the interviews. Inter-rater reliability was assessed by administering the interviews to 36 patients with psychiatric disorders and 12 controls. The internal consistency of all domains of the interviews was from moderate to substantial (Kuder-Richardson coefficient >0.60). Discriminant validity was excellent. The concurrent validity of the SCI-SHY versus the LSAS and of the SCI-OBS versus the Checklist for Obsessions and Compulsions was satisfactory. However, no association was found between Y-BOCS and the SCI-OBS

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Pierre Janet on Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (1903)

Cited by 108 publications

References 24 publications

Understanding and treating incompleteness in obsessive‐compulsive disorder

Understanding and treating incompleteness in obsessive‐compulsive disorder

Historical overview of the relationship between anxiety disorders and affective disorders

Validity and reliability of the Structured Clinical Interview for Obsessive‐Compulsive Spectrum (SCI‐OBS) and of the Structured Clinical Interview for Social Phobia Spectrum (SCI‐SHY)

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