Pictorial and Verbal Tools for Conveying Routes

Tversky, Barbara; Lee, Paul U.

doi:10.1007/3-540-48384-5_4

Cited by 152 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…For example, Meilinger [2] found that people mentally seem to translate route maps into propositional instructions on how to find the way. And Tversky and Lee [7] claimed that both forms have the same underlying semantics and, thus, can be seen as (nearly) equivalent in communicating route information (but see [8] for some counterarguments).…”

Section: Wayfinding and Wayfinding Assistance In Multi-level Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Up, Down, Turn Around: Assisted Wayfinding Involving Level Changes

Bigler

Brügger

Utzinger

et al. 2014

Spatial Cognition IX

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Both maps and verbal descriptions have been shown to be an effective wayfinding assistance. However, most studies investigating these aids have been performed in two-dimensional spaces that ignore level changes. It seems less clear that both types of assistance work equally well in settings that involve going up some stairs or taking an elevator. In this paper, we present a study that had participants follow a route in a multi-level setting involving several level changes while being assisted by either a textual description or a sketch map. Results indicate that both types of assistance are effective and that the few differences in performance that we discovered can be attributed to differences in the employed wayfinding strategies rather than differences in the assistance types. Our findings have implications for the design of (mobile) assistance services that aim at using graphical instructions for guiding users seamlessly through indoor and outdoor environments. Abstract. Both maps and verbal descriptions have been shown to be an e↵ective wayfinding assistance. However, most studies investigating these aids have been performed in two-dimensional spaces that ignore level changes. It seems less clear that both types of assistance work equally well in settings that involve going up some stairs or taking an elevator. In this paper, we present a study that had participants follow a route in a multi-level setting involving several level changes while being assisted by either a textual description or a sketch map. Results indicate that both types of assistance are e↵ective and that the few di↵erences in performance that we discovered can be attributed to di↵erences in the employed wayfinding strategies rather than di↵erences in the assistance types. Our findings have implications for the design of (mobile) assistance services that aim at using graphical instructions for guiding users seamlessly through indoor and outdoor environments.

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Section: Wayfinding and Wayfinding Assistance In Multi-level Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Up, Down, Turn Around: Assisted Wayfinding Involving Level Changes

Bigler

Brügger

Utzinger

et al. 2014

Spatial Cognition IX

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“…Due to the fact that the Interactive Route Description is based on annotation it shares a number of benefits associated with sketch maps including the following. The Interactive Route Description is an external representation which complements human memory [51]. Therefore, unlike linguistic representations [47], it does not need to be remembered.…”

Section: (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, unlike linguistic representations [47], it does not need to be remembered. The Interactive Route Description also complements information processing [51]. It facilitates the user to perform processes such as spatial chunking which can be defined as the grouping of navigation instructions [29].…”

Section: (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive cartographic route descriptions

2013

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Providing an adequate route description requires in-depth spatial knowledge of the route in question. In this article we demonstrate that despite having travelled a route recently and having much experience of the area in question, an individual may lack such a degree of knowledge. Previous research and experience informs us that a map is an effective tool for bridging gaps in one's spatial knowledge. In this article we propose an approach, known as an Interactive Route Description, for defining and interpreting route descriptions interactively with a map. This approach is based on the concept of annotating the map in question and allows the aforementioned gap in one's spatial knowledge to be bridged. An additional benefit of defining route descriptions in this way is that it facilitates automatic parsing and in turn offers many potential applications. One such application, illustrated in this paper, is the automatic transformation to other representations of the description such as turn-by-turn instructions.

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“…the maneuver, the wayfinding choreme theory builds on cognitive conceptual primitives that structure route knowledge for wayfinding and route directions. This approach is inspired by the toolbox idea for route directions introduced by Tversky and Lee [56,55]. The term wayfinding choreme is derived from the work of the French geographer Brunet [3] who proposed a limited set of abstract models for structuring geographic phenomena; these models are termed choremes.…”

Section: Theory Of Wayfinding Choremesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban granularities—a data structure for cognitively ergonomic route directions

et al. 2008

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This paper addresses a data structure specification for route directions that incorporates essential aspects of cognitive information processing. Specifically, we characterize levels of granularity in route directions as the result of the hierarchical organization of urban spatial knowledge. We discuss changes of granularity in route directions that result from combining elementary route information into higher-order elements (so called spatial chunking). We provide a framework that captures the pertinent aspects of spatial chunking. The framework is based on established principles used-from a cognitive perspectivefor changing the granularity in route directions. The data structure we specify based on this framework allows us to bridge the gap between results from behavioral cognitive science studies and requirements of information systems. We discuss the theoretical underpinning of the core elements of the data structure and provide examples for its application.

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Pictorial and Verbal Tools for Conveying Routes

Cited by 152 publications

References 13 publications

Up, Down, Turn Around: Assisted Wayfinding Involving Level Changes

Up, Down, Turn Around: Assisted Wayfinding Involving Level Changes

Interactive cartographic route descriptions

Urban granularities—a data structure for cognitively ergonomic route directions

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