Picosecond optical sampling of GaAs integrated circuits

Weingarten, K. J.; Rodwel, M.J.W.; Bloom, D. M.

doi:10.1109/3.115

Cited by 363 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In the 1980s, Dave Bloom at Stanford made pioneering contributions to the synchronization of actively modelocked picosecond lasers to a microwave frequency reference [105,106], which he then applied to electro-optic sampling of GaAs integrated circuits [45]. I did my Ph.D. work in his group and explored to extend this synchronization technique to femtosecond fiber Raman soliton lasers [107,108] to improve the time resolution in electro-optic sampling, which turned out not to work due to the poor noise properties of these lasers [109].…”

Section: Frequency Comb Stabilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…I was made aware of this paper during my Ph.D. thesis work in Stanford (1985Stanford ( -1989 during which my Ph.D. advisor Prof. Dave Bloom sent me to Prof. Anthony Siegman, one of the pioneers in active modelocking theories [42,43], to find out why we cannot passively modelock Nd:glass lasers. At that time we used 30 to 100 ps pulses from flashlamppumped Nd:YAG and Nd:YLF lasers which we had to externally compress into the few picosecond regime [44] for electro-optic sampling applications [45]. We needed even shorter pulses, which we achieved with a double-stage pulse compressor-rather tricky to use, to say the least.…”

Section: Q-switching Instabilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrafast solid-state laser oscillators: a success story for the last 20 years with no end in sight

Keller

2010

Appl. Phys. B

211

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Ultrashort lasers provide an important tool to probe the dynamics of physical systems at very short timescales, allowing for improved understanding of the performance of many devices and phenomena used in science, technology, and medicine. In addition ultrashort pulses also provide a high peak intensity and a broad optical spectrum, which opens even more applications such as material processing, nonlinear optics, attosecond science, and metrology. There has been a long-standing, ongoing effort in the field to reduce the pulse duration and increase the power of these lasers to continue to empower existing and new applications. After 1990, new techniques such as semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) and Kerrlens mode locking (KLM) allowed for the generation of stable pulse trains from diode-pumped solid-state lasers for the first time, and enabled the performance of such lasers to improve by several orders of magnitude with regards to pulse duration, pulse energy and pulse repetition rates. This invited review article gives a broad overview and includes some personal accounts of the key events during the last 20 years, which made ultrafast solid-state lasers a success story. Ultrafast Ti:sapphire, diode-pumped solid-state, and novel semiconductor laser oscillators will be reviewed. The perspective for the near future indicates continued significant progress in the field. Current status and introductionAs we look back from today in 2010 for the last 20 years, we see that ultrafast solid-state lasers have become the key U. Keller ( ) Institute of Quantum Electronics, Physics Department, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland e-mail: keller@phys.ethz.ch enabling technology for many new applications, and have established themselves successfully in at least several industrial areas. The situation was substantially different 20 years ago, when ultrafast lasers were predominantly based on dye laser technology or active modelocked solid-state lasers, and it was assumed that passive modelocking of diode-pumped solid-state lasers was very difficult, if not impossible. Key breakthroughs came with the invention of the semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SESAM) [1,2] and Kerr-lens modelocking (KLM) [3]. Previously, Q-switching instabilities prevented stable passive modelocking of diode-pumped solid-state lasers for more than 25 years. This breakthrough was enabled through the major progress in solid-state laser technology: first with the discovery of the Ti:sapphire laser material [4] and second with the rapid progress in highpower semiconductor diode-laser arrays to efficiently pump solid-state lasers.For this invited review paper for the special celebration of Volume 100 in Applied Physics B, I will provide some more details describing the events that led to the rapid progress in ultrafast solid-state lasers. I have been actively involved at the frontier of this field for more than 20 years and can provide some more personal insight into how the field evolved. Furthermore, many important results have been ...

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Section: Frequency Comb Stabilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Q-switching Instabilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafast solid-state laser oscillators: a success story for the last 20 years with no end in sight

Keller

2010

Appl. Phys. B

211

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“…The semiconductor mode-locked laser has been the subject of extensive research for over a decade [38]- [44]. The motivation for research on semiconductor mode-locked lasers derives from the potential applications as a source of ultra short pulses for electro-optic sampling systems [45,46], optical clock distribution [47,48], and as a source for high speed data communication systems [49].…”

Section: Construction Of the Semiconductor Mode-locked Lasermentioning

confidence: 99%

Radio Frequency Photonic Synthesizer

Logan¹,

Li²

2000

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“…There are numerous applications for multi-GHz laser sources in science and technology such as optical clocking [1], photonic switching [2] or high-speed electro-optic sampling [3], just to mention a few. Multi-GHz mode-locked lasers emitting in the 1.5 µm spectral range are particularly interesting for fiber-optical telecommunication applications as they operate in the window of minimal glass absorption, which enables long-haul data transfer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Picosecond diode-pumped 1.5 μm Er,Yb:glass lasers operating at 10–100 GHz repetition rate

et al. 2010

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Stable ultrafast laser sources at multi-GHz repetition rates are important for various application areas, such as optical sampling, frequency comb metrology, or advanced high-speed return-to-zero telecom systems. We review SESAM-mode-locked Er,Yb:glass lasers operating in the 1.5 µm spectral region at multi-GHz repetition rates, discussing the key improvements that have enabled increasing the repetition rate up to 100 GHz. We also present further improved results with shorter pulse durations from a 100 GHz Er,Yb:glass laser. With an improved SESAM design we achieved 1.1 ps pulses with up to 30 mW average output power. Moreover, we discuss for the first time the importance of beam quality deteriorations arising from frequency-degenerate higher order spatial modes in such lasers.

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Picosecond optical sampling of GaAs integrated circuits

Cited by 363 publications

References 41 publications

Ultrafast solid-state laser oscillators: a success story for the last 20 years with no end in sight

Ultrafast solid-state laser oscillators: a success story for the last 20 years with no end in sight

Radio Frequency Photonic Synthesizer

Picosecond diode-pumped 1.5 μm Er,Yb:glass lasers operating at 10–100 GHz repetition rate

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