Picophytoplankton as Tracers of Environmental Forcing in a Tropical Monsoonal Bay

Mitbavkar, Smita; Patil, Jagadish S.; Rajaneesh, K.M.

doi:10.1007/s00248-015-0599-2

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Moreover, a laboratory-grown culture experiment has shown that diatoms were not an exception to the rule that cell size reduces with increase in temperature (Montagnes and Franklin, 2001), where size-selective grazing may become a limiting factor for phytoplankton (Peter and Sommer, 2013). Pelagophyceae showed similar distribution patterns and most of the genera recovered in this study have been reported being dominant in warm surface water (Agawin et al, 2000; Mitbavkar et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Diversity and Spatial Distribution of Chromophytic Phytoplankton in the Bay of Bengal Revealed by RuBisCO Genes (rbcL)

Pujari

Kan

et al. 2019

Front. Microbiol.

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Phytoplankton are the basis of primary production and play important roles in regulating energy export in marine ecosystems. Compared to other regions, chromophytic phytoplankton are considerably understudied in the Bay of Bengal (BOB). Here, we investigated community structure and spatial distribution of chromophytic phytoplankton in the BOB by using RuBisCO genes (Form ID rbc L). High throughput sequencing of rbc L genes revealed that diatoms, cyanobacteria (Cyanophyceae), Pelagophyceae, Haptophyceae, Chrysophyceae, Eustigamatophyceae, Xanthophyceae, Cryptophyceae, Dictyochophyceae, and Pinguiophyceae were the most abundant groups recovered in the BOB. Abundances and distribution of diatoms and Pelagophyceae were further verified using quantitative PCR analyses which showed the dominance of these groups near the Equator region ( p < 0.01) where upwelling was likely the source of nutrients. Further, redundancy analysis demonstrated that temperature was an important environmental driver in structuring distributions of Cyanophyceae and dominant chromophytic phytoplankton. Morphological identification and quantification confirmed the dominance of diatoms, and also detected other cyanobacteria and dinoflagellates that were missing in our molecular characterizations. Pearson’s correlations of these morphologically identified phytoplankton with environmental gradients also indicated that nutrients and temperature were key variables shaping community structure. Combination of molecular characterization and morphological identification provided a comprehensive overview of chromophytic phytoplankton. This is the first molecular study of chromophytic phytoplankton accomplished in the BOB, and our results highlight a combination of molecular analysis targeting rbc L genes and microscopic detection in examining phytoplankton composition and diversity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Diversity and Spatial Distribution of Chromophytic Phytoplankton in the Bay of Bengal Revealed by RuBisCO Genes (rbcL)

Pujari

Kan

et al. 2019

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Picophytoplankton is composed of multiple populations spanning diverse physiological adaptations and ranges ( Rajaneesh et al, 2015 ; Tamm et al, 2018 ). Recent studies, in other estuarine and coastal areas, have separated Synechococcus / Cyanobium into pigment-based populations (PE-rich and PC-rich), suggesting differences in distribution patterns between the groups ( Mitbavkar et al, 2015 ; Li et al, 2019 ; Paerl et al, 2020 ). In this study, the three populations, PE-rich, PC-rich, and PPE, had significant differences in regard to (1) seasonal dynamics, (2) biomass contribution, (3) temperature regimes, and (4) nutrient limitation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reduction in irradiance from summer to autumn can cause a transition from PE-rich to PC-rich ( Stomp et al, 2007 ). However, other environmental factors such as nutrient concentration may also influence the picocyanobacterial community composition ( Mitbavkar et al, 2015 ). PPE increase in abundance is thought to be related to low temperatures and high nutrient concentration ( Kuosa, 1991 ; Otero-Ferrer et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonality of Coastal Picophytoplankton Growth, Nutrient Limitation, and Biomass Contribution

2021

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Picophytoplankton in the Baltic Sea includes the simplest unicellular cyanoprokaryotes (Synechococcus/Cyanobium) and photosynthetic picoeukaryotes (PPE). Picophytoplankton are thought to be a key component of the phytoplankton community, but their seasonal dynamics and relationships with nutrients and temperature are largely unknown. We monitored pico- and larger phytoplankton at a coastal site in Kalmar Sound (K-Station) weekly during 2018. Among the cyanoprokaryotes, phycoerythrin-rich picocyanobacteria (PE-rich) dominated in spring and summer while phycocyanin-rich picocyanobacteria (PC-rich) dominated during autumn. PE-rich and PC-rich abundances peaked during summer (1.1 × 105 and 2.0 × 105 cells mL–1) while PPE reached highest abundances in spring (1.1 × 105 cells mL–1). PPE was the main contributor to the total phytoplankton biomass (up to 73%). To assess nutrient limitation, bioassays with combinations of nitrogen (NO3 or NH4) and phosphorus additions were performed. PE-rich and PC-rich growth was mainly limited by nitrogen, with a preference for NH4 at >15°C. The three groups had distinct seasonal dynamics and different temperature ranges: 10°C and 17–19°C for PE-rich, 13–16°C for PC-rich and 11–15°C for PPE. We conclude that picophytoplankton contribute significantly to the carbon cycle in the coastal Baltic Sea and underscore the importance of investigating populations to assess the consequences of the combination of high temperature and NH4 in a future climate.

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“…Picophytoplankton is composed of multiple functional groups spanning diverse physiological adaptations and niches 17,29 . Recent studies, in other estuarine and coastal areas, have separated Synechococcus into pigment based functional groups (PE-rich and PC-rich) suggesting signi cant differences in distribution patterns between the groups 13,54,55 . In this study, the three functional groups, PE-rich, PC-rich and PPE and had signi cant differences in regard to, 1) seasonal dynamics, 2) biomass contribution, 3) temperature regimes, and 4) nutrient limitation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonality of Coastal Picophytoplankton Growth, Nutrient Limitation and Biomass Contribution

Zufia

Farnelid

Legrand

2021

Preprint

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Picophytoplankton in the Baltic Sea includes picocyanobacteria (Synechococcus/Cyanobium) and photosynthetic picoeukaryotes (PPE). Picophytoplankton are thought to be a key component of the phytoplankton community but their seasonal dynamics and relationships with nutrients and temperature are largely unknown. We monitored pico- and larger phytoplankton at a coastal site in Kalmar Sound (K-Station) weekly during 2018. Among the picocyanobacteria, phycoerythrin-rich Synechococcus (PE-rich) dominated in spring and summer while phycocyanin-rich Synechococcus (PC-rich) dominated during autumn. PE-rich and PC-rich abundances peaked during summer (1.1x105 and 2.0x105 cells mL− 1) while PPE reached highest abundances in spring (1.1x105 cells mL− 1). PPE was the main contributor to the total phytoplankton biomass (3–73%). To assess nutrient limitation, bioassays with combinations of nitrogen (NO3 or NH4) and phosphorus additions were performed. PE-rich and PC-rich growth was mainly limited by nitrogen, with a preference for NH4 at 15–19°C. The three groups had distinct seasonal dynamics and optimal temperatures for growth were 10°C and 17–19°C for PE-rich, 13–16°C for PC-rich and 11–15°C for PPE. We conclude that picophytoplankton contribute significantly to the carbon cycle in the coastal Baltic Sea and underscore the importance of investigating functional groups to assess the consequences of the combination of high temperature and NH4 in a future climate.

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Picophytoplankton as Tracers of Environmental Forcing in a Tropical Monsoonal Bay

Cited by 16 publications

References 43 publications

Diversity and Spatial Distribution of Chromophytic Phytoplankton in the Bay of Bengal Revealed by RuBisCO Genes (rbcL)

Diversity and Spatial Distribution of Chromophytic Phytoplankton in the Bay of Bengal Revealed by RuBisCO Genes (rbcL)

Seasonality of Coastal Picophytoplankton Growth, Nutrient Limitation, and Biomass Contribution

Seasonality of Coastal Picophytoplankton Growth, Nutrient Limitation and Biomass Contribution

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