Phytotoxicity of tin mine waste and accumulation of involved heavy metals in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)

Abstract

Extraction and processing of cassiterite (SnO) left large tailings with high concentrations of tin, tungsten, molybdenum and lithium. Information on the phytotoxicity of mine waste is important with regard to ecological hazards. Exposure studies help to identify plants useful for the stabilization of waste tips and the phytomining of metals. A greenhouse study was performed using a dilution series of mine waste and four crops, a halophytic and a metallophytic species to derive dose response curves. Based on effective doses for growth reductions, sensitivity increased in the following order: maize > common buckwheat > quinoa > garden bean. Element analyses in different species and compartments of common buckwheat grown in a mixture of standard soil and 25% of the mine waste showed that only low levels of the metals were taken up and that transfer to seed tissues was negligible. As indicated by soil metal levels prior to and after the experiment, only lithium and arsenic proved to be plant available and reached high levels in green tissues while seed levels were low. The experiment confirmed differences in the uptake of metals with regard to elements and species. Common buckwheat is a suited candidate for cultivation on metal polluted soils.

The Possibilities of Using Common Buckwheat in Phytoremediation of Mineral and Organic Soils Contaminated with Cd or Pb

“…There are many regions in Europe with large deposits of mine wastes, and many unmanaged sites contaminated with metals. Scientists have suggested that wastelands could be prepared for regular biomass production using metal tolerant vegetation or bioenergy crops (e.g., oilseed rape, buckwheat, willow) [28]. Soils that are polluted by metals and require remediation often surround historical industrial and mining plants.…”

Karabuğday Bitkisinin (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) Bazı Ekofizyolojik Özellikleri Üzerine Kadmiyum ve Nikel’in Etkisi

“…Pb'den en az etkilenen bitki türünün güve otu, ayçiçeği ve hint fasulyesinin orta derece toleranslı, karabuğdayın ise en hassas tür olduğu belirlenmiştir (Alves vd., 2016). Kalay madeni atıklarının fitotoksik etkisinin araştırıldığı bir çalışmada ise Cd ve Cu uygulanan karabuğday bitkisinin Cd'den daha fazla etkilendiği ve yüksek miktarda Cd'nin kök ve sürgün taze-kuru ağırlığında azalmaya neden olduğu belirtilmiştir (Franzaring, 2018). Ayrıca Liu vd.…”