Phytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles on Vicia faba: Evaluation of particle size effects on photosynthetic performance and leaf gas exchange

Abstract

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Integration of subcellular partitioning and chemical forms to understand silver nanoparticles toxicity to lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) under different exposure pathways

“…Previous studies found that AgNP toxicity was influenced by particle size with smaller AgNPs (6 nm) inhibiting plant growth more than did identical concentrations of larger (25 nm) NPs (Yin et al, 2011). Similarly, Falco et al (2020) found that the adverse effects on the photosynthetic activity to Vicia faba by AgNPs was increasing with decreasing particle size (Falco et al, 2020). Moreover, particle size could also affect the adhesion of NPs on the wheat leaves, as the percentage of 3 nm AuNPs adhesion to leaves was almost twice than that of 10 nm (Avellan et al, 2019).…”

Effects of copper oxide nanoparticles on germination of Sesbania virgata (FABACEAE) plants

“…The analysis of NPQ' i.e the last saturated light pulse, when the seeds were already adapted to darkness, shows that CuO NPs induced changes in this parameter at all concentrations, evaluated relative to the control, causing a significant increase at 48 and 72 h when cotyledons are being formed. In a study carried out with Vicia faba, it was showed that the NPQ' values increased in the leaves containing the Ag NPs, which demonstrates that NPs may cause an increase in the dissipation of light energy by nonphotochemical forms, instead of photochemical processes (Falco et al 2020). However, after 72 h, a reversal in the behaviour of the NPQ occurred, where a significant decrease after 120 h was observed; this may be due to the formation of the fi rst leaves and the transformation of the seed into seedling, being the plant able to performing self-adjustment.…”

Smart nanomaterial and nanocomposite with advanced agrochemical activities

“…The most favorable and used AgNPs and their complex nanoparticle have been attributed to their diverse range in each class of pesticides due to low toxicity but still many reported published that explained the drawback of these smart nanoagrochemicals [ 61 , 140 , 141 ] (Table 4 ). For example, In Vicia faba , the AgNPs internalization in leaves can abrupt the stomatal conductance CO 2 assimilation rate and photosystem II [ 142 ]. Furthermore, the binding of AgNPs attaches with Chlorophyll forming a hybrid, that excites electrons 10 times due to fast electron–hole separation and plasmon resonance effect.…”