Phytotoxicity and oxidative stress perspective of two selected nanoparticles in Brassica juncea

Abstract

This study elaborates the consequences of oxidative stress caused by copper oxide (CuO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) in Brassica juncea. Effect of these two NPs on plant physiology, reactive oxygen scavenging enzyme system (ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase), proline content and lipid peroxidation has been estimated in leaves as well as root tissues. Bioaccumulation of NPs has also been evaluated in the current study and the interrelated cascade of the enzymatic system with H2O2 production was identified. The uptake of NPs in plant leaves was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Plant growth was found to be diminished with elevated levels of CuO NPs whereas TiO2 NPs had shown an opposite effect. The plant species accumulated lower concentration of NPs and displayed considerable tolerance against stress, probably due to well-organized and coordinated defense system at the root and shoot level by the intonation of antioxidative enzymes.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13205-016-0550-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Enhancement of secondary metabolites in Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell plants treated with copper‐based nanoparticles in vivo

“…through the disruption of the electron transport chain, finally resulting in membrane damage through lipid peroxidation, as indicated by increased MDA and lactate dehydrogenase contents [49]. CuNPs have been shown to cause ROS generation leading to membrane lipid peroxidation in several other plant species including Brassica napus [50], Brassica juncea [51], Cucumis sativus [52], Oryza sativa [53] and Coriandrum sativum [54]. Similar results were observed in B. monnieri.…”

“…Antioxidant enzymes such as CAT, APX, SOD and glutathione reductase are activated by CuNPs as reported in many plant species such as Brassica napus [50], Brassica juncea [51], Cucumis sativus [52], Oryza sativa [53] and Saccharum officinarum [56]. Zhao et al [57] reported that in Zea mays , expression of genes for antioxidant enzymes, POD 1 and GST 1 increased significantly at a Cu(OH) 2 nanopesticide dose of 10 mg but declined at 100 mg. CATs dismutase H 2 O 2 to H 2 O and O 2 while the SODs catalyse the conversion of superoxides to H 2 O 2 .…”

Sequential Changes in Antioxidant Potential of Oakleaf Lettuce Seedlings Caused by Nano-TiO2 Treatment

“…Thus, we can conclude that APX activity increased due to plant exposure to TiO 2 -NPs, but in the case of the applied TiO 2 -NPs concentration, only immediately after application. Rao and Shekhawat [ 60 ] used copper oxide and titanium dioxide NPs on Brassica juncea with different concentrations (200–1500 mg·L −1 ). They observed a treatment-dependent increment in APX activity in the roots and shoots of the plant, under the influence of both the nanomaterials; however, the extent of the increase in APX was higher in the copper oxide NPs treatment, compared with titanium dioxide NPs.…”

A Review on Effect of Copper and Iron Nanoparticle on Agricultural Crop

“…Shaw and Hossain (2013) and Hong et al (2015) similar evidence of the increases activity of APX in leaves by the application of nano Cu in Oryza sativa and Lactuca sativa respectively. Rao and Shekhawat (2016); Dimkpa et al (2012) reported that application of nano CuO at the doses of 1000 mg/L and 500 mg/kg gave significantly increase CAT enzymatic activity in Brassica juncea and Triticum aestivum. In addition, Trujillo-Reyes et al (2014) in the root CAT activity was increased with the applied of nano Cu treatment but decrease APX activity in root of Lactuca sativa.…”