Phytotoxic Responses and Plant Tolerance Mechanisms to Cadmium Toxicity

Baruah, Nijara; Gogoi, Nirmali; Roy, Swarnendu; Bora, Palakshi; Chetia, Juri; Zahra, Noreen; Ali, Nauman; Gogoi, Parikshit; Farooq, Muhammad

doi:10.1007/s42729-023-01525-8

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 300 publications

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“…The accumulation of Cd 2+ resulted in a significant decrease in chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b content (Figure 2a, Table S1). This result confirmed the previous conclusion that Cd 2+ has an impact on the photosynthetic process [27,[43][44][45][46]. The Cd 100 treatment also resulted in a significant increase in H 2 O 2 (Figure 2c) and MDA (Figure 2d) contents in water dropwort.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Exploration of the Effects of Cadmium Stress on Photosynthesis in Oenanthe javanica (Blume) DC.

Zhou,

Xu,

et al. 2024

Toxics

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Cadmium ion (Cd2+) stress is a major abiotic stressor affecting plant photosynthesis. However, the impact of sustained high-concentration Cd stress on the photosynthetic electron transport chain of aquatic plants is currently unclear. Here, prompt fluorescence (PF), delayed fluorescence (DF), and P700 signals were simultaneously measured to investigate the effect of Cd stress on photosynthesis in water dropwort [Oenanthe javanica (Blume) DC.]. We aimed to elucidate how Cd stress continuously affects the electron transport chain in this species. The PF analysis showed that with prolonged Cd stress, the FJ, FI and FP steadily decreased, accompanied by a positive shift in the K-band and L-band. Moreover, JIP-test parameters, including TRO/ABS, ABS/CSO, TRO/CSO and PIABS, were significantly reduced. The P700 signals showed that exposure to Cd stress hindered both the fast decrease and slow increase phases of the MR transient, ultimately resulting in a gradual reduction in both VPSI and VPSII − PSI. The DF analysis showed a gradual decrease in the I1 and I2 values as the duration of stress from Cd increased. The above results suggested that Cd stress affected the photosynthetic electron transport in water dropwort by influencing the amount of active PSII and PSI, primarily affecting PSII RCs in the early to mid-stages and PSI reductive activity in the later stage.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Exploration of the Effects of Cadmium Stress on Photosynthesis in Oenanthe javanica (Blume) DC.

Zhou,

Xu,

et al. 2024

Toxics

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“…Photosynthesis, the most important physiological process of plants, is highly sensitive to abiotic stress, such as TE toxicity [69]. Toxic elements interfere with plant photosynthesis by disrupting chloroplast ultrastructure, inhibiting light energy uptake, disrupting the electron transport chain and reducing the activity of enzymes associated with the Calvin cycle [23,28,29,70]. Our results demonstrated that TEs in soil have a significant impact on the gas-exchange parameters (GAPs) of carrots (Table 2).…”

Section: Response Of Gas-exchange Parameters and Photosynthetic Pigme...mentioning

confidence: 71%

“…This element causes a significant reduction in carbon metabolism. This reduction leads to inhibition of the photosynthetic process including disruption in the chloroplast ultrastructure, inhibition of Calvin cycle enzymes, chlorophyll biosynthesis, impairment in electron transport, reduction in CO 2, assimilation due to stomatal closure and alteration of water, and nutrient equilibrium in plants [28,29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Carrot (Daucus carota L.) to Multi-Contaminated Soil from Historic Mining and Smelting Activities

Novák,

Zemanová,

Lhotská

et al. 2023

IJMS

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A pot experiment was undertaken to investigate the effect of Cd, Pb and Zn multi-contamination on the physiological and metabolic response of carrot (Daucus carota L.) after 98 days of growth under greenhouse conditions. Multi-contamination had a higher negative influence on leaves (the highest Cd and Zn accumulation) compared to the roots, which showed no visible change in terms of anatomy and morphology. The results showed the following: (i) significantly higher accumulation of Cd, Zn, and Pb in the multi-contaminated variant (Multi) compared to the control; (ii) significant metabolic responses—an increase in the malondialdehyde content of the Multi variant compared to the control in the roots (by 20%), as well as in the leaves (by 53%); carotenoid content in roots decreased by 31% in the Multi variant compared with the control; and changes in free amino acids, especially those related to plant stress responses. The determination of hydroxyproline and sarcosine may reflect the higher sensitivity of carrot leaves to multi-contamination in comparison to roots. A similar trend was observed for the content of free methionine (significant increase of 31% only in leaves); (iii) physiological responses (significant decreases in biomass, changes in gas-exchange parameters and chlorophyll a); and (iv) significant changes in enzymatic activities (chitinase, alanine aminopeptidase, acid phosphatase) in the root zone.

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“…Certain species, and even genotypes within species, induce defensive mechanisms to protect them from Cd stress. These can be broadly divided into avoidance mechanisms and tolerance mechanisms [ 25 ]. Avoidance mechanisms reduce Cd entry into the cytosol to maintain lower tissue concentrations by reducing transport processes or binding Cd in the cell wall.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Cadmium Stress on Tartary Buckwheat Seedlings

Du,

Tan,

et al. 2024

Plants

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Cadmium (Cd) is a naturally occurring toxic heavy metal that adversely affects plant germination, growth, and development. While the effects of Cd have been described on many crop species including rice, maize, wheat and barley, few studies are available on cadmium’s effect on Tartary buckwheat which is a traditional grain in China. We examined nine genotypes and found that 30 µM of Cd reduced the root length in seedlings by between 4 and 44% and decreased the total biomass by 7 to 31%, compared with Cd-free controls. We identified a significant genotypic variation in sensitivity to Cd stress. Cd treatment decreased the total root length and the emergence and growth of lateral roots, and these changes were significantly greater in the Cd-sensitive genotypes than in tolerant genotypes. Cd resulted in greater wilting and discoloration in sensitive genotypes than in tolerant genotypes and caused more damage to the structure of root and leaf cells. Cd accumulated in the roots and shoots, but the concentrations in the sensitive genotypes were significantly greater than in the more tolerant genotypes. Cd treatment affected nutrient uptake, and the changes in the sensitive genotypes were greater than those in the tolerant genotypes, which could maintain their concentrations closer to the control levels. The induction of SOD, POD, and CAT activities in the roots and shoots was significantly greater in the tolerant genotypes than in the sensitive genotypes. We demonstrated that Cd stress reduced root and shoot growth, decreased plant biomass, disrupted nutrient uptake, altered cell structure, and managed Cd-induced oxidative stress differently in the sensitive and tolerant genotypes of Tartary buckwheat.

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Phytotoxic Responses and Plant Tolerance Mechanisms to Cadmium Toxicity

Cited by 12 publications

References 300 publications

Exploration of the Effects of Cadmium Stress on Photosynthesis in Oenanthe javanica (Blume) DC.

Exploration of the Effects of Cadmium Stress on Photosynthesis in Oenanthe javanica (Blume) DC.

Response of Carrot (Daucus carota L.) to Multi-Contaminated Soil from Historic Mining and Smelting Activities

Effects of Cadmium Stress on Tartary Buckwheat Seedlings

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