Phytotoxic activity of Chinese violet (Asystasia gangetica (L.) T. Anderson) and two phytotoxic substances

Abstract

Chinese violet (Asystasia gangetica (L.) T. Anderson) is a perennial invasive weed belonging to Acanthaceae. Leaves of this weed have been suggested to possess phytotoxic activity. However, phytotoxic substances in this weed have not yet been reported. Therefore, the present study investigated phytotoxic activity of Chinese violet extracts and phytotoxic substances. The extracts of Chinese violet leaves inhibited the root and shoot growth of cress, lettuce, alfalfa, barnyard grass, ryegrass, and timothy, where the level of inhibition increased with increasing extract concentrations. Bioassay‐guided separations of the extracts led to isolation of two phytotoxic substances, indole‐3‐carboxaldehyde and (6R,9S)‐3‐oxo‐α‐ionol. Indole‐3‐carboxaldehyde significantly inhibited the root and shoot growth of cress at concentrations ≥100 and 30 μmol L−1, respectively, and concentrations of the substance required for 50% growth inhibition were 210 and 127 μmol L−1 for cress roots and shoots, respectively. The other substance, (6R,9S)‐3‐oxo‐α‐ionol, was reported to have strongly inhibited cress roots and shoots. The present results suggest that Chinese violet contains two phytotoxic substances indole‐3‐carboxaldehyde and (6R,9S)‐3‐oxo‐α‐ionol, and those substances may play an important role in the phytotoxic activity of Chinese violet.

Technical data on the inhibition properties of some medicinal plant extracts towards caseinolytic protease proteolytic subunit of Plasmodium knowlesi

“…The methanolic extract of Chinese Violet ( Asystasia gangetica ) and Yacon ( Smallanthus sonchifolius ) was prepared from the leaf part based on Suzuki et al. [3] and Mendoza et al. [4] , respectively.…”

Combining Metabolic Analysis With Biological Endpoints Provides a View Into the Drought Resistance Mechanism of Carex breviculmis

“…Likewise, the indole-3-carboxaldehyde and 3-methylindole content enhanced under drought stress in our experiment. The indole-3-carboxaldehyde plays an essential role as a growth inhibitor of seed germination, lateral bud growth, root and shoot growth ( Suzuki et al, 2019 ). Similarly, 3-methylindole, functioning as an indole, could suppress plant growth ( Patiño et al, 2018 ).…”

Pemanfaatan Asystasia gangetica (L.) T. Anderson sebagai Biomulsa untuk Meningkatkan Laju Infiltrasi pada Lahan Kelapa Sawit Menghasilkan

“…A. gangetica dikenal sebagai tumbuhan invasif karena dapat mengokupasi dan mendominasi vegetasi pada ekosistem baru. Suzuki et al (2019) melaporkan A. gangetica menghasilkan zat alelopati berupa indol-3-karboksaldehid dan (6R,9S)3-oxo-α-ionol yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan selada, rumput jajagoan, dan rumput timothy. Asbur (2016) menyatakan pengendalian sifat invasif tersebut dapat dilakukan melalui pemangkasan tajuk mengikuti rotasi pengendalian gulma di kebun kelapa sawit.…”