Phytosociological Survey of Spontaneous Plants in the Culture of Agroecological Maize with Plants of Intercalar Coverage

Abstract

Aims: The objective was to carry the phytosociological survey of spontaneous plants in the agroecological maize crop cultivated with intercalar cover plants in the summer and fall/winter harvest.
 Study Design: The experimental design used was of randomized blocks with subdivided plots in the time 4x2x2, with 5 replicates.
 Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted in a farm, located in Missal – PR, managed in agroecological system since 2009.
 Methodology: The crop modalities used were maize + pigeon pea, maize + showy rattlepod, maize + jack bean and monoculture (control), being evaluated during summer and fall/winter seasons, at 30 and 70 days after emergence. Frequency, abundance, and density of plants per linear meter and the importance value index (IVI) were determined in a 1 m² area.
 Results: The specie Commelina benghalensis L. and Leonorus sibiricus L, were the plants with the highest IVI for the crop modalities maize + pigeon pea and maize + showy rattlepod.
 Conclusion: The cultivation of maize with cover crops, mainly showy rattlepod, may be a recommended management to reduce spontaneous plants in maize in the agroecological system.
 Aims: The objective was to carry the phytosociological survey of spontaneous plants in the agroecological maize crop cultivated with intercalar cover plants in the summer and fall/winter harvest.
 Study Design: The experimental design used was of randomized blocks with subdivided plots in the time 4x2x2, with 5 replicates.
 Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted in a farm, located in Missal – PR, managed in agroecological system since 2009.
 Methodology: The crop modalities used were maize + pigeon pea, maize + showy rattlepod, maize + jack bean and monoculture (control), being evaluated during summer and fall/winter seasons, at 30 and 70 days after emergence. Frequency, abundance, and density of plants per linear meter and the importance value index (IVI) were determined in a 1 m² area.
 Results: The specie Commelina benghalensis L. and Leonorus sibiricus L, were the plants with the highest IVI for the crop modalities maize + pigeon pea and maize + showy rattlepod.
 Conclusion: The cultivation of maize with cover crops, mainly showy rattlepod, may be a recommended management to reduce spontaneous plants in maize in the agroecological system.

Culturas de cobertura na supressão de plantas daninhas e atributos físicos do solo cultivado com café

“…A escolha, bem como o manejo da espécie de planta de cobertura que se deseja implantar, determina a eficiência no controle das plantas daninhas (Osipitan et al 2019), devido ao mecanismo de supressão, com efeito alelopático (Borges et al 2014), Isso foi observado por Silva et al (2020), que verificaram em consórcio de milho com plantas de cobertura (feijão guandu, crotalária e feijão de porco) o favorecimento da seleção de plantas espontâneas com folhas largas, em vez de espécies de folhas estreitas, diminuindo sua frequência e densidade demostrando o seu efeito supressor. Também Weber et al (2017), verificaram que a associação de centeio e aveia em diferentes sistemas de preparo de solo, na cultura da soja orgânica, reduziu em até 79 % a densidade de plantas daninhas.…”