Phytoremediation potential of <i>Ipomoea asarifolia</i> on lead polluted soils

Abstract

INTRODUCTIONHeavy metals are elements with metallic properties (e.g. conductivity and ductility) atomic masses greater than 20. an ill-defined group of inorganic chemical hazards.Although Metals are natural components in soil, contamination results from the rapidly expanding industrial areas, mine tailings, disposal of high metal gasoline and paints, land application of fertilizers, animal manures, sewage sludge, pesticides, wastewater irrigation, coal combustion residues, spillage of petrochemicals, and atmospheric deposition (Rahman et al., 2013). Contamination of with heavy metals may pose risks and hazards to humans and the ecosystem through: direct ingestion or contact with contaminated soil, food chain (soil→plant soil→plant→animal→human), drinking of contaminated ground water, reduction in food quality via phytotoxicity and reduction in land usability for agricultural production food insecurity and land tenure problems (

The Effects of Fly Ash and Cow Manure on Water Spinach Grown on An Ultisol of Lampung, Indonesia

“…(Effendi et al, 2015) stated that water spinach, as a phyto bioremediation of metals in the soil, effectively reduced the Cd concentration by 66.31%. -------------------Soil----------------------------------------Plants------------------- Furthermore, water spinach was able to accumulate metals in soil contaminated with Pb in three harvest periods, with total biomass reaching 308.13 mg, 392.07 mg, and 482.21 mg Pb from 328.24 ± 2.33 mg/kg, 433.03 ± 0.59 mg/kg and 537.25 ± 0.92 mg/kg Pb (Okoro et al, 2018). It is also promising plant species for the remediation of Pb and Cd-contaminated wastewater (Bindu et al, 2010).…”