Abstract:A B S T R A C TThe phytoremediation potential of three bamboo species, i.e. Bambusa merilliana, Bambusa blumeana, and Dendrocalamus asper, were evaluated for their total Cu uptake ability in hydroponics. Dendrocalamus asper proved to be the most efficient in terms of Cu phytoremediating potential with a constant positive uptake of 80 μM in a contaminated substrate and a bioconcentration factor of 50.57. Copper accumulation was found to concentrate the most in the roots compared to the amount translocated in th… Show more
“…The copper levels were chosen as previously discussed. Plant uptake of heavy metals is improved at slightly acidic conditions [ 21 , 22 ]. Additionally, copper pollution due to acid mine drainage tend to be acidic [ 2 ].…”
Copper is the third most utilized metal and is a versatile resource with multiple beneficial uses, but it may also become toxic to aquatic life in excess amount. Thus, there is a need to develop methods to reduce the copper contamination in the environment, particularly in bodies of water. Phytoremediation using
Dendrocalamus asper
may offer an environment-benign and potentially effective method for copper removal though its effectiveness may take several years to materialize for this technology to become cost-effective. By growing
D. asper
in synthesized contaminated water and analyzing the change in the copper content of the substrate via atomic absorption spectrophotometry, the removal was found to be optimal at 20 ppm Cu and pH 5. The rate of removal was found to have an order of 2.71 and a kinetic constant of 0.0013 ppm
−1.71
day
−1
. With this, it may be possible to estimate the treatment length of phytoremediation given an initial level of copper contamination and a target concentration.
“…The copper levels were chosen as previously discussed. Plant uptake of heavy metals is improved at slightly acidic conditions [ 21 , 22 ]. Additionally, copper pollution due to acid mine drainage tend to be acidic [ 2 ].…”
Copper is the third most utilized metal and is a versatile resource with multiple beneficial uses, but it may also become toxic to aquatic life in excess amount. Thus, there is a need to develop methods to reduce the copper contamination in the environment, particularly in bodies of water. Phytoremediation using
Dendrocalamus asper
may offer an environment-benign and potentially effective method for copper removal though its effectiveness may take several years to materialize for this technology to become cost-effective. By growing
D. asper
in synthesized contaminated water and analyzing the change in the copper content of the substrate via atomic absorption spectrophotometry, the removal was found to be optimal at 20 ppm Cu and pH 5. The rate of removal was found to have an order of 2.71 and a kinetic constant of 0.0013 ppm
−1.71
day
−1
. With this, it may be possible to estimate the treatment length of phytoremediation given an initial level of copper contamination and a target concentration.
“…Many works [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] adopted phytoremediation in the wastewater treatment processes. Usually, they differ in the types of green plants and the pollutants to be removed.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The water hyacinth was used in [1][2][3][4][5] as the plant for phytoremediation. The other types of plants are water lettuce [5], lettuce [6], kale [6][7][8], bamboo species [9], ornamental plant species [10], Rhizophora mangle [11], and Salvinia biloba [12].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Meanwhile, the common types of the pollutants to be removed are: NO3 [1,6,10], N [2], PO4 [1], Na [3], K [3], P [4], NH3 [4,6], Zn [5,12], Pb [5,8,12], Fe [5], Cu [5,9,12], Ni [5], Cd [7,8,12].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Compared to the existing systems, our work has several distinctive approaches. First, compared to the conventional methods [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], our approach provides real-time monitoring of pollutant's concentration in the phytoremediation. Second, compared to the existing real-time monitoring in phytoremediation [13,14], our approach offers a simple hardware configuration and adopts a recent IoT technology.…”
This paper presents the Internet of things (IoT) technology for real-time monitoring of wastewater phytoremediation. Phytoremediation is a technique to remove pollutants from the wastewater using the plants. A conventional method to monitor the phytoremediation performance is by taking the samples of the contaminants from a site and measuring them at the laboratory. This method needs many works for data preparation and analysis. A recent development on the IoT technology may eliminate such tasks by a real-time monitoring system. In the proposed realtime monitoring system, several phytoremediation models are implemented on embedded hardware and connected to the Thingspeak IoT platform. The proposed system aims to provide a real-time monitoring system to better model the phytoremediation by examining the monitoring data time interval and fitting techniques. From the experiments, the proposed monitoring system achieves a data transfer reliability of 81.4% when the period of the data transmission is one minute, which is suitable for one-day interval real-time monitoring system. The proposed monitoring system can build a phytoremediation model using a polynomial fitting with a higher fit than the existing methods using an exponential fitting. Further, the proposed method promises a better solution in terms of the best model, the low cost, and the acceptable accuracy.
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