Phytoremediation of phenol by Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle and associated effects on physiological parameters

Abstract

This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

Growth and physio-biochemical responses of Azolla filiculoides subjected to short span of phenol exposure

“…Similar enhancements in the MDA content of Azolla microphylla plants subjected to increasing concentrations of an insecticide -endosulfan have been shown to be related with the potential of this toxic compound to disturb the membrane stability (Raja et al, 2012a). In an aquatic species Chang et al (2020) observed that Hydrilla verticillata exposed to phenol shows an increased amount MDA content. Therefore, it is quite evident from our results that the phenolic compounds directly affect the membrane integrity of A. liculoides plants, especially at higher concentrations.…”

“…After 3 days of treatment, exposure to external phenol was positively correlated with the increase of FNA, EL, MDA, total soluble sugar, SOD, APX, CAT, H 2 O 2 while, negatively correlated with RGR, RWC, chlorophyll a and b, and tissue phenol content ( (Chang et al, 2020, Lee et al, 2017, Zazouli et al, 2014, Stom and Roth, 1981. In the present study, the effect of different concentrations of phenol was evaluated on the performance of Azolla liculoides which is a commonly growing weed in the water bodies.…”

“…On the other hand, several plants have been known to maintain their normal growth and physiology at higher concentrations of phenol by uptaking and utilizing the excess amount of phenols from the surrounding. Chang et al (2020) reported that the submerged macrophyte -Hydrilla verticillata was capable to absorb and degrade phenolic compounds when exposed to 100 mg/L concentration with minute physiological effects. Lee et al, (2017) calculated the rate of removal of phenols using Ipomoea aquatica that showed about 72.2% survival rate when exposed to 300 mg/L phenol.…”