Phytoremediation of Landfill Leachate withColocasia esculenta, Gynerum sagittatumandHeliconia psittacorumin Constructed Wetlands

Abstract

This study assessed the accumulation of Cd (II), Hg (II), Cr (VI) and Pb (II) in Gynerium sagittatum (Gs), Colocasia esculenta (Ce) and Heliconia psittacorum (He) planted in constructed wetlands treating synthetic landfill leachate. Sixteen bioreactors were operated in two experimental blocks. Metal concentrations in the influent and effluent; root, stem, branch and leaves of plants were analysed, as well as COD, N-NH4+, TKN, T, pH, ORP, DO, and EC. Average removal efficiencies of COD, TKN and NH4+-N were 66, 67 and 72%, respectively and heavy metal removal ranged from 92 to 98% in all units. Cr (VI) was not detected in any effluent sample. The bioconcentration factors (BCF) were 10(0) -10(2). The BCF of Cr (VI) was the lowest: 0.59 and 2.5 (L kg(-1)) for Gs and He respectively; whilst Cd (II) had the highest (130-135 L kg(-1)) for Gs. Roots showed a higher metal content than shoots. Translocation factors (TF) were lower, He was the plant exhibiting TFs>1 for Pb (II), Cr (T) and Hg (II) and 0.4-0.9 for Cd (II) and Cr (VI). The evaluated plants demonstrate their suitability for phytoremediation of landfill leachate and all of them can be categorized as metals accumulators.

Phytoextraction Efficiency of Cadmium and Zinc by Arum (<i>Colocasia esculenta</i> L.) Grown in Hydroponics

“…These proteins favor the transport of metals from roots to shoots (Iqbal et al, 2015). Several studies demonstrated the metal tolerance and phytoextraction efficiency of arum plant to various heavy metals such as Cd, Pb and Zn (Kashem et al, 2008;Kim et al, 2011;Kashem et al, 2013;Chayapan et al, 2015a;2015b;Madera-Parra et al, 2015;Islam et al, 2016a;2016b). Chayapan et al (2015b) metals like Cd (II), Hg (II), Cr (VI), and Pb (II), and still showed healthy growth in constructed wetlands treating synthetic landfill leachate.…”

“…There are several studies that have demonstrated the metal tolerance and phytoextraction efficiency of arum (C. esculenta L., C. antiqourum L.) and other plant species to various heavy metals such as Cd, Zn, Pb etc. (Yanqun et al, 2005;Kashem et al, 2008;Castiglione et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2009;Kashem et al, 2010;Kim et al, 2011;Kashem et al, 2013;Chayapan et al, 2015a;2015b;Madera-Parra et al, 2015;Nahar and Alam, 2015;Islam et al, 2016a;2016b). Chayapan et al (2015b) investigated phytoremediation potential of Cd and Zn by wetland plants, C. esculenta L., Schott., Cyperus malaccensis Lam.…”

Phytoremediation Using Terrestrial Plants

“…Translocation factors (TFs) were lower; He was the plant exhibiting TFs >1 for Pb(II), Cr(T), and Hg(II) and 0.4-0.9 for Cd(II) and Cr(VI). The evaluated plants demonstrate their suitability for phytoremediation of landfi ll leachate, and all of them can be categorized as metal accumulators (Madera et al 2015). Ascúntar et al ( 2009 ) assessed a pilot-scale HSSF CW planted with Phragmites australis and Heliconia psittacorum (Fig.…”

Bioprospección de plantas nativas para su uso en procesos de biorremediación: caso Helicona psittacorum (heliconiaceae)

“…Gutiérrez (2009a) registró un mejor desempeño de estas plantas en la eliminación de DOQ y DBO 5 para la condición de más alta carga contaminante aplicada al reactor sembrado con la especie Heliconia sp, situación igualmente reportada por Madera et al, (2013). Montoya et al, (2010), encontraron que en la eliminación de DQO, COD y DBO 5 , no habían diferencias entre las especies Heliconia sp y Phragmities au, indicando que el uso de la especie nativa además de mantener las mismas condiciones operacionales de la tecnología, permite crear ambientes agradables como ornamentación por las floración que dicha especie produce.…”

“…Recientemente, estudios han evaluado el papel de esta especie en la remediación de aguas residuales encontrando efectos positivos en la bioremediación (Ascuntar & Toro 2007, Gomez & Segura 2008, Gutiérrez 2009a2009b, Sandoval 2009, Peña et al, 2011. Estas evidencias muestran una cierta tolerancia de H. psittacorum a un amplio espectro de condiciones ambientales, por lo que la hace una especie atractiva para su uso en sistemas naturales como los humedales construidos subsuperficiales (HC) para el tratamiento de aguas residuales (Brisson y Chazarenc, 2009, Maza, 2006, Madera et al, 2013.…”