Phytoremediation: A Promising Approach for Revegetation of Heavy Metal-Polluted Land

An, Yan; Wang, Yamin; Tan, Swee Ngin; Yusof, Mohamed Lokman Mohd; Ghosh, Subhadip; Chen, Zhong

doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.00359

Cited by 998 publications

(550 citation statements)

References 155 publications

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“…For this reason, remediation of such contaminated soils are still required to reduce the risk of exposure to the heavy metals by humans. Phytoremediation, one of the popular approaches used for this purpose utilizes higher plants and their associated rhizosphere microorganisms to remediate soils, sediments, surface and ground water contaminated with toxic metals, organics and radionuclides by either removing the pollutants or lowering their bioavailability [32][33][34]. Plants effect this using their roots in which the pollutants are accumulated, and thus their bioavailability can be modulated [35,36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobility of Chromium, Copper and Arsenic in Amended Chromated Copper Arsenate Contaminated Soils

Nakiguli

Ojok

Omara

et al. 2020

AJACR

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Aim: The use of copper-based preservatives such as chromated copper arsenate (CCA) and creosote to prolong the life of lumber present environmental concerns because they contain heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons which are toxic to humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sewage sludge biosolid amendment on the distribution and mobility of chromium, copper and arsenic in chromated copper arsenate contaminated soils subjected to phytoremediation using maize (Zea mays L.). Place and Duration of the Study: Random composite soil samples from Kitetika wood factory, Wakiso, Uganda and sewage sludge biosolid from National Water and Sewerage Corporation plant in Bugolobi, Kampala, Uganda were collected and prepared. Maize grains were obtained from FICA Seeds Limited (Uganda). The pot experiments and analysis of samples were done at Mbarara University of Science and Technology (Mbarara) and Directorate of Government Analytical Laboratory, Kampala (Uganda), respectively. Methodology: The fresh CCA contaminated soils and sewage sludge biosolid were analyzed for physicochemical parameters and heavy metals (chromium, copper and arsenic). Sewage sludge biosolid was added to 1 kg of the contaminated soils at 5-25% (w/w) in 2 L plastic containers, watered and maintained at 25 ℃ for 14 days to stabilize. Controls were set up with unamended soils. Thereafter, maize was planted in the potted soils for 40 days. The concentrations of the trace metals in the soils were determined after 20 and 40 days of maize growth by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Results: The concentrations of chromium, copper and arsenic in fresh CCA contaminated soils were 365.8 ± 6.18 mg/kg, 109.72 ± 14.04 mg/kg and 28.22 ± 3.8 mg/kg, respectively. Basing on mobility factor, bioavailability of the trace metals followed the chemical sequence copper (8.9%) < chromium (17.1%) < arsenic (30.2%). Conclusion: The maize variety experimented could be used to phytoextract or phytostabilize the trace metals in the CCA contaminated soils without or with 5-25% amendment. Amendment with sewage sludge biosolid improved the phytoremediation potential of maize. Arsenic was the most mobile and bioavailable metal in CCA contaminated soils. Further studies should use other local maize varieties such as Longe series.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobility of Chromium, Copper and Arsenic in Amended Chromated Copper Arsenate Contaminated Soils

Nakiguli

Ojok

Omara

et al. 2020

AJACR

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“…The environmental risk of HMs in the forest land was generally at a relatively low level ( Figure 4 e). The reason might be that the forest land is generally less influenced by human input and plants can reduce the content of some HMs in the soil [ 9 , 39 , 40 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Assessment and Source Apportionment of Soil Heavy Metals under Different Land Use in a Typical Estuary Alluvial Island

Sun

Huang

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Understanding the environmental risks of soil heavy metals (HMs) and identifying their main sources are the essential prerequisites for the prevention and management of soil pollution. Based on a detailed survey of soil HMs (Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cd, As and Hg) from different land use types (including agricultural land, construction land, wetland, and forest land) in an estuary alluvial island, the environmental risk and source apportionment of soil HMs were investigated. Altogether, 117 soil samples were taken in the study area to appraise the soil HMs environmental risk by using the geo-accumulation index (Igeo), potential ecological risk index (RI), and human health risk assessment (HRA) and to identify its main sources by using positive matrix factorization (PMF) model. The average concentrations of soil HMs (except As) surpassed their reference background values in China. There were no significant differenced in the mean concentrations of HMs in different land use types, except that the Hg concentration in the construction land was significantly higher than that in others. The results of Igeo showed that Cd pollution was unpolluted to moderately polluted, and that the others were unpolluted. The potential ecological risk level for Cd and Hg was “moderated potential risk”, while for Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn, Pb and As was “low potential risk”. Higher contamination was distributed at the west-central area. The results of the HRA indicated that the non-carcinogenic risk and the carcinogenic risk that human beings suffered from HMs in different land uses were insignificant. To more accurately identify the sources of soil HMs, the PMF model coupled with the GIS-spatial analysis was applied. The results showed that agricultural activities, natural source, industrial discharge and river transportation, and atmosphere deposition were the main determining factors for the accumulation of soil HMs in the study area, with the contribution rate of 24.25%, 23.79%, 23.84%, and 28.12%, respectively. The study provides an underlying insight needed to control of the soil HM pollutions for an estuary alluvial island.

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“…Over the last few years, plants have been widely used to remediate wastewater from livestock induced pollution [ 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 ], due to their ability to remove HMs and other contaminants from the soil and water [ 51 , 52 ]. The most useful method for phytoremediation of livestock manure and wastewater can be achieved through constructed wetlands (CWs), which uptake metals and organic matter from water and mimic natural wetland processes at biological, chemical, and physiological levels [ 47 , 53 , 54 , 55 ].…”

Section: How Can Plants Remove Metals From Livestock Wastewater?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy-Metal Phytoremediation from Livestock Wastewater and Exploitation of Exhausted Biomass

Hejna

Onelli

Moscatelli

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Sustainable agriculture is aimed at long-term crop and livestock production with a minimal impact on the environment. However, agricultural practices from animal production can contribute to global pollution due to heavy metals from the feed additives that are used to ensure the nutritional requirements and also promote animal health and optimize production. The bioavailability of essential mineral sources is limited; thus, the metals are widely found in the manure. Via the manure, metallic ions can contaminate livestock wastewater, drastically reducing its potential recycling for irrigation. Phytoremediation, which is an efficient and cost-effective cleanup technique, could be implemented to reduce the wastewater pollution from livestock production, in order to maintain the water conservation. Plants use various strategies for the absorption and translocation of heavy metals, and they have been widely used to remediate livestock wastewater. In addition, the pollutants concentrated in the plants can be exhausted and used as heat to enhance plant growth and further concentrate the metals, making recycling a possible option. The biomass of the plants can also be used for biogas production in anaerobic fermentation. Combining phytoremediation and biorefinery processes would add value to both approaches and facilitate metal recovery. This review focuses on the concept of agro-ecology, specifically the excessive use of heavy metals in animal production, the various techniques and adaptations of the heavy-metal phytoremediation from livestock wastewater, and further applications of exhausted phytoremediated biomass.

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Phytoremediation: A Promising Approach for Revegetation of Heavy Metal-Polluted Land

Cited by 998 publications

References 155 publications

Mobility of Chromium, Copper and Arsenic in Amended Chromated Copper Arsenate Contaminated Soils

Mobility of Chromium, Copper and Arsenic in Amended Chromated Copper Arsenate Contaminated Soils

Risk Assessment and Source Apportionment of Soil Heavy Metals under Different Land Use in a Typical Estuary Alluvial Island

Heavy-Metal Phytoremediation from Livestock Wastewater and Exploitation of Exhausted Biomass

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