Phytoplankton patchiness and frontal regions

Seliger, H. H.; McKinley, Kelton R.; Biggley, W. H.; Rivkin, Richard B.; Aspden, K. R. H.

doi:10.1007/bf00386651

Cited by 57 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…As has been noted for other years in Chesapeake Bay (Tyler & Seliger 1978, Seliger et al 1981, Malone et al 1988, during 1990 high chl a concentrations were observed throughout the water column, and particularly in the Mid Bay region, concentrations of chl a in near-bottom waters exceeded those of the surface layer. It has previously been suggested that phytoplankton biomass may accumulate in the mesohaline bottom waters from advection from the lower Bay with high salinity bottom water (Seliger et al 1981, Malone 1992, and the chl a data of 1990 are consistent with this hypothesis.…”

Section: The Multiphasic Character Of the 1990 Spring Bloomsupporting

confidence: 58%

Dynamics of the 1990 winter/spring bloom in Chesapeake Bay

Glibert¹,

Dj²,

Fisher³

et al. 1995

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The winterkpring bloom of 1990 in Chesapeake Bay. USA, was prolonged and well developed, relative to other recent years, along the axis of the Bay. However, the bloom did not occur uniformly along the axis of the Bay, but rather developed and dissipated at different times in different regions of the Bay. The peak of the bloom progressed northward and was observed in late March in South Bay, early April in Mid Bay, and not until mid May in North Bay. We measured biomass and nutrient concentrations and the rates of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and silicon utilization during the development and dissipation of the bloom, and compared ratios of these rates to the elemental ratios of the incoming nutrients and the resulting particulate material. In North Bay, bloom development was probably delayed due to light limitation of carbon uptake. Nitrogen was delivered and utilized in excess of stoichiometric proportions in the northern part of the Bay, eventually leading to phosphorus and/or silicon limitation. In the mid portion of the Bay, the mean stoichiometric proportions of the particulate nutrients were similar to Redfield proportions, but ratios of uptake of nitrogen and phosphorus exceeded Redfield proportions by more than 20-fold, reflecting both the high uptake rates of nitrogen and low uptake rates of phosphorus in that region. However, only at the peak of the bloom in mid April did transient phosphorus limitation of growth occur at Mid Bay. In contrast, ratios of nitrogen to phosphorus uptake rates in South Bay were considerably below Redfield proportions, primarily due to the low availability and low uptake rates of nitrogen. Concentrations of Si(OH), in South Bay were also extremely low through the bloom period, and thus Si(OH), and nitrogen, as well as pod3-, limited growth there. In addition, temperature appeared to play a key role in the collapse of the diatom assemblage in mid May. During the early stages of the bloom in South Bay, No3-+ NOzcontributed >60% of the total nitrogen utilized, but by the end of the spring bloom period in May, over 50% of the nitrogen uthzed was urea alone. These data underscore the need to understand how freshwater flow, ambient nutrient concentrations, temperature, and light dlffer along the axis of the Bay to understand the differential timing and magnitude of bloom development in different regions of the Bay.

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Section: The Multiphasic Character Of the 1990 Spring Bloomsupporting

confidence: 58%

Dynamics of the 1990 winter/spring bloom in Chesapeake Bay

Glibert¹,

Dj²,

Fisher³

et al. 1995

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…The specific factors controlling the distribution of Antarctic diatoms on broad spatial and temporal scales have not been resolved (Allanson et al, 1981), but recent studies have shown the importance of localized physical processes in promoting phytoplankton biomass accumulation in the Southern Ocean, as well as the seasonal light changes. Some of the important physicochemical factors that regulate phytoplankton abundance include nitrate flux, pycnocline location, and vertical stability (Seliger et al, 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Most Abundant Diatom Species in Water Column Assemblages from Five Leg 119 Sites in Prydz Bay, Antarctica: Distributional Patterns

Kang¹,

Fryxell²

1991

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program

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Austral summer surface and subsurface sampling of the water column was conducted at five drill sites (Sites 739-743) and included 14 stations in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica, from 66°S to 68°S approximately along 75°E, from 18 January through 3 February 1988. The samples were taken from seven depths at each station, between the surface and 200 m, to gain quantitative information on the composition, abundance, and distribution of the diatoms in water column assemblages in Prydz Bay.Over 40 , in the order of average abundance, respectively, and also as a time series in the short growing season.Two different distributional patterns were observed. Small pennate diatom species (< 20 µm), Nitzschia cylindrus, Nitzschia closterium, and Nitzschia curta, dominated at all drill sites and were distributed ubiquitously along the transect of sampling sites, while larger-celled (>20 µm) diatom species, Chaetoceros dichaeta, Chaetoceros neglectus, and Corethron criophilum, were concentrated in the inner part of Prydz Bay. The smaller-celled diatom species influenced the total diatom cell density and showed similar patterns of distribution to the totals, whereas profiles of the largercelled diatom species showed similar patterns to the chlorophyll a concentration. The larger-celled diatom species with their large cell volumes may affect the chlorophyll a distribution pattern and represent a significant biomass source inshore.Cluster analysis revealed different relationships depending on which variables were used for the analysis. When only larger-celled diatom species were included in the analysis, stations were separated clearly into those from the inner part of Prydz Bay (Sites 740 and 741) and those from the outer part of Prydz Bay (Sites 739, 742, and 743). But when only smaller-celled diatom species were used for analysis, the stations from inner and outer Prydz Bay intermingled and were not separated clearly.Diatom cell maxima were located slightly above the seasonal thermocline while chlorophyll a maxima were located in the thermocline, slightly below the diatom cell maxima. Vertical diatom distributions mirrored the physical structure in the bay. Principal component analysis (PCA) using diatom cell density (cells/L) and chlorophyll a concentration (µg /L) from discrete water samples (seven depths) as variables revealed that the samples from the Prydz Bay drill sites not only separated based on depth (above thermocline vs. below thermocline), but they also separated based on station.

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“…Frontal zones and eddy fields have been found as features attracting fish and larvae, and creating patchy zones of high phytoplankton concentrations (Kirobe et al 1986;Lefevre 1986;Marshall et al 1981;Sabates, Maso 1990). For instance, Laurs et al (1984) found that albacore catch rates were highest in warm and blue oceanic waters, as measured from satellites, associated with the boundary (front) between oceanic and coastal waters.…”

Section: Environmental Indicators Of Fish Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote sensing of environmental indicators of potential fish aggregation: An overview

Klemas

2012

Baltica

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Sustainable use of marine resources requires effective monitoring and management of the world’s fish stocks. Acoustic and electromagnetic remote sensing techniques are being used to help manage fisheries at sustainable levels, while also guiding fishing fleets to locate fish schools more efficiently. Fish tend to aggregate in ocean areas that exhibit conditions favored by specific fish species. Some of the relevant oceanographic conditions, such as sea surface temperature, ocean color (productivity) and oceanic fronts, which strongly influence natural fluctuations of fish stocks, can be observed and measured by remote sensors on satellites, aircraft and ships. The remotely sensed data are provided in near-real time to help fishermen save fuel and ship time during their search for fish, to modelers who produce fisheries forecasts, and to scientists who help develop strategies for sustainable fisheries management. This article describes how acoustic, optical and radar sensors on ships, satellites and aircraft are used with forecast models to improve the management and harvesting of fisheries resources.

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Phytoplankton patchiness and frontal regions

Cited by 57 publications

References 27 publications

Dynamics of the 1990 winter/spring bloom in Chesapeake Bay

Dynamics of the 1990 winter/spring bloom in Chesapeake Bay

Most Abundant Diatom Species in Water Column Assemblages from Five Leg 119 Sites in Prydz Bay, Antarctica: Distributional Patterns

Remote sensing of environmental indicators of potential fish aggregation: An overview

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