Phytoplankton dynamics in the subtropical Pacific Ocean off Hawaii

High phytoplankton growth and production rates in oligotrophic Hawaiian coastal waters1

“…The values are equivalent to the measured cell volumes x 0.15 g C.rni-I. production and losses due to excretion and grazing; phytoplankton nitrogen demand and relative growth rate from 14C incorporation into protein (DiTullio and Laws 1983); phosphate and ammonium uptake and regeneration (Glibert et al 1982;Harrison 198 3); microbial production (Karl 198 1; Karl and Winn in press); phytoplankton growth rate from the time-course of Chl a increase in water samples passed through a 3-pm-sized screen to remove grazers (Bienfang and Takahashi 1983); particulate C, N (Sharp 1974), and P (Solorzano and Sharp 1980); epifluorescence microscopy techniques (Haas 1982); and the "dilution experiment" approach to estimating growth and predation rates (Landry and Hassett 1982). The dilution experiment in Kaneohe Bay (station A) is described by Landry et al (1984).…”

“…) but are unusual in the literature for the area (Bienfang and Szyper 198 1;Gunderson et al 1976). Bienfang et al (1984) …”

Ecological nitrogen-to-phosphorus stoichiometry at station ALOHA

“…Similar results also were obtained at a coastal ocean site o! the island of Hawaii (Bienfang and Szyper, 1981). This dramatic vertical separation of N and P, if shown to be a common feature of oligotrophic regions in general, would have important implications for production and export processes.…”

Baseline water-quality sampling to infer nutrient and contaminant sources at Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park, Island of Hawai‘i, 2009

“…Remnant volcanic heat, particularly from the rift zone of the volcano, would tend to drive a thermal-convective flow of saltwater in and upward within the aquifer, much like the salt-entrainment-driven cyclic flow just beneath the brackish lens but potentially extending much deeper, perhaps to depths of thousands of feet within the mountain flank. Regardless of the exact origin, one important implication of the cold saline groundwater is that it is much higher in nutrients than surface seawater in the upper, mixed layer of the ocean where nutrients are stripped by phytoplankton uptake (Bienfang and Szyper, 1981). Salinity did not change much from July to December at most sites ( fig.…”