Phytoplankton biomass cycles in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre: A similar mechanism for two different blooms in the Labrador Sea

Lacour, Léo; Claustre, Hervé; Prieur, Louis; D’Ortenzio, Fabrizio

doi:10.1002/2015gl064540

Cited by 39 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…the minimum irradiance required for net phytoplankton growth during spring) of 1.9 ± 0.3 mol quanta m −2 d −1 was proposed for Arctic waters (Tremblay et al 2006). This estimate is similar to the critical values of 1.3 and 2.5 mol quanta m −2 d −1 for the onset of spring bloom in North Atlantic waters (35-75°N) (Siegel et al 2002) and in the Labrador Sea (Lacour et al 2015), respectively. Large centric diatoms, such as Thalassiosira spp.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Summer and fall distribution of phytoplankton in relation to environmental variables in Labrador fjords, with special emphasis on Phaeocystis pouchetii

Simo-Matchim¹,

Gosselin²,

Poulin³

et al. 2017

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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). In autumn, the community was dominated by unidentified flagellates, prymnesiophytes and diatoms, in various proportions from early to late fall. From a summer situation characterized by stronger stratification, higher incident irradiance and depleted nutrients in surface waters, it evolved to an autumn situation characterized by decreasing air temperature and irradiance associated with an environmental forcing (e.g. weather) allowing cooling and greater vertical mixing of the water column. Combining our observations with those from the literature, we suggest the following annual succession in the Labrador fjord phytoplankton community: (winter) dinoflagellates and small flagellated cells -(spring) Fragilariopsis spp., Chaetoceros spp., Thalassiosira spp. and Phaeocystis pouchetii -(summer) Chaetoceros spp., P. pouchetii and Chrysochromulina spp. -(fall) Gymnodinium/Gyrodinium spp., Chrysochromulina spp. and other flagellates. Overall, the protist richness was 2 times higher in fall than in summer, the highest richness being observed in early fall, with 201 taxonomic entries, 72 genera and 131 species identified.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Summer and fall distribution of phytoplankton in relation to environmental variables in Labrador fjords, with special emphasis on Phaeocystis pouchetii

Simo-Matchim¹,

Gosselin²,

Poulin³

et al. 2017

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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show abstract

“…The bioregions were defined here using a cluster K-means analysis (see the supporting information for more details), previously applied successfully in the Mediterranean Sea [D'Ortenzio and Ribera d'Alcalà, 2009;Mayot et al, 2016], in the North Atlantic [Lacour et al, 2015] and at the global scale [D'Ortenzio et al, 2012]. The analysis was performed on climatological and normalized annual chl a cycle, in order to statistically organize the GLOBcolour time series (1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014) and to create clusters representing regions of similarity (i.e., annual chl a cycles).…”

Section: Clustering K-means Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delineating environmental control of phytoplankton biomass and phenology in the Southern Ocean

Ardyna

Claustre

Sallée

et al. 2017

Geophysical Research Letters

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124

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The Southern Ocean (SO), an area highly sensitive to climate change, is currently experiencing rapid warming and freshening. Such drastic physical changes might significantly alter the SO's biological pump. For more accurate predictions of the possible evolution of this pump, a better understanding of the environmental factors controlling SO phytoplankton dynamics is needed. Here we present a satellite‐based study deciphering the complex environmental control of phytoplankton biomass (PB) and phenology (PH; timing and magnitude of phytoplankton blooms) in the SO. We reveal that PH and PB are mostly organized in the SO at two scales: a large latitudinal scale and a regional scale. Latitudinally, a clear gradient in the timing of bloom occurrence appears tightly linked to the seasonal cycle in irradiance, with some exceptions in specific light‐limited regimes (i.e., well‐mixed areas). Superimposed on this latitudinal scale, zonal asymmetries, up to 3 orders of magnitude, in regional‐scale PB are mainly driven by local advective and iron supply processes. These findings provide a global understanding of PB and PH in the SO, which is of fundamental interest for identifying and explaining ongoing changes as well as predicting future changes in the SO biological pump.

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“…This occurs especially for radiometric quantities (Fig. 7) as a consequence of the decreasing stability of the water column associated with deteriorated sky and sea conditions (D'Ortenzio et al, 2005;Lacour et al, 2015). This high contribution of the Northern Hemisphere to the database is due to the first projects piloting the deployment of BGC-Argo floats that were mainly focused on the North Atlantic subpolar gyre (i.e., 48-65 • N; remOcean project) and the Mediterranean Sea (i.e., 31-44 • N; NAOS project).…”

Section: Bopad-prof: Spatiotemporal Distribution Of the Biogeochemicamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the array provided measurements of the underwater light field (i.e., irradiance) and of the inherent optical properties (i.e., particulate optical beam attenuation and backscattering coefficients) of the oceans. All these measurements, and derived quantities, are useful for both biogeochemical and bio-optical studies, to address the variability in biological processes (e.g., phytoplankton phenology and primary production; Lacour et al, 2015) and linkages with physical drivers (Boss et al, 2008;Boss and Behrenfeld, 2010;Lacour et al, 2017;Mignot et al, 2017;Stanev et al, 2017), to estimate particulate organic carbon concentrations and export (e.g., Bishop et al, 2002;Dall'Olmo and Mork, 2014;, and to support satellite missions through validation of bio-optical products retrieved from ocean color remote sensing (e.g., chlorophyll concentration; Claustre et al, 2010b;IOCCG, 2011IOCCG, , 2015Gerbi et al, 2016;Haëntjens et al, 2017) or by identification of those regions with bio-optical behaviors departing from mean-statistical trends (i.e., bio-optical anomalies; Organelli et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two databases derived from BGC-Argo float measurements for marine biogeochemical and bio-optical applications

Organelli

Barbieux

Claustre

et al. 2017

Earth Syst. Sci. Data

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Abstract. Since 2012, an array of 105 Biogeochemical-Argo (BGC-Argo) floats has been deployed across the world's oceans to assist in filling observational gaps that are required for characterizing open-ocean environments. Profiles of biogeochemical (chlorophyll and dissolved organic matter) and optical (single-wavelength particulate optical backscattering, downward irradiance at three wavelengths, and photosynthetically available radiation) variables are collected in the upper 1000 m every 1 to 10 days. The database of 9837 vertical profiles collected up to January 2016 is presented and its spatial and temporal coverage is discussed. Each variable is quality controlled with specifically developed procedures and its time series is quality-assessed to identify issues related to biofouling and/or instrument drift. A second database of 5748 profile-derived products within the first optical depth (i.e., the layer of interest for satellite remote sensing) is also presented and its spatiotemporal distribution discussed. This database, devoted to field and remote ocean color applications, includes diffuse attenuation coefficients for downward irradiance at three narrow wavebands and one broad waveband (photosynthetically available radiation), calibrated chlorophyll and fluorescent dissolved organic matter concentrations, and singlewavelength particulate optical backscattering. To demonstrate the applicability of these databases, data within the first optical depth are compared with previously established bio-optical models and used to validate remotely derived bio-optical products. The quality-controlled databases are publicly available from the SEANOE (SEA scieNtific Open data Edition) publisher at https://doi.org/10.17882/49388 and https://doi.org/10.17882/47142 for vertical profiles and products within the first optical depth, respectively.

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Phytoplankton biomass cycles in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre: A similar mechanism for two different blooms in the Labrador Sea

Cited by 39 publications

References 43 publications

Summer and fall distribution of phytoplankton in relation to environmental variables in Labrador fjords, with special emphasis on Phaeocystis pouchetii

Summer and fall distribution of phytoplankton in relation to environmental variables in Labrador fjords, with special emphasis on Phaeocystis pouchetii

Delineating environmental control of phytoplankton biomass and phenology in the Southern Ocean

Two databases derived from BGC-Argo float measurements for marine biogeochemical and bio-optical applications

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