Phytophthora palmivora–Cocoa Interaction

Perrine‐Walker, Francine

doi:10.3390/jof6030167

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 154 publications

(221 reference statements)

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“…Producing cankers on the stems ( Guest, 2007 ). So far, seven species of Phytophthora have been reported related to the etiology of BPR disease in cacao cultivation, being P. palmivora the cosmopolitan species of the group ( Akrofi, 2015 ), with pantropical distribution ( Perrine-walker, 2020 ). The other species have only been found in specific countries or geographic regions such as South and Central America: P. capsici, P. citropthora, and P. tropicalis ( Barreto et al, 2015 ; de Bahia et al, 2015 ; Fernández Maura et al, 2018 ), Brazil: P. theobromicola ( Decloquement et al, 2021 ), Venezuela: P. megasperma ( Molina et al, 2016 ), West Africa: P. megakarya, and P. katsurae ( Guest, 2007 ; Liyanage and Wheeler, 2007 ).…”

Section: Cacao Agroforestry Systems Vs Monoculture: Development Of Ca...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cacao agroforestry systems beyond the stigmas: Biotic and abiotic stress incidence impact

et al. 2022

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Low technological knowledge in production chains, global climate change, and misinformation are concrete threats to food security. In addition, these combined threats also trigger ecological instability in megadiverse areas of the world, especially in some cacao-producing countries in South America, where this crop plays an important socio-economic role, even being used to replace illicit crops. Accordingly, the use of agroforestry systems approaches has emerged as a good alternative to maintain productivity, add high-value commodities to producers, and provide important ecosystem services for sustainable agriculture. However, limitations associated with the competition for resources between the species composing the system, and the higher incidence of some diseases, have led many producers to abandon this strategy, opting for monoculture. In this review, we seek to gather the main information available in the literature, aiming to answer the question: what is the real scientific evidence that supports the benefits and harms of adopting agroforestry systems in cacao production? We seek to make critical scrutiny of the possible negative effects of certain associations of the agroforestry system with biotic and abiotic stress in cacao. Here, we review the possible competition for light and nutrients and discuss the main characteristics to be sought in cacao genotypes to optimize these inter-specific relationships. In addition, we review the research advances that show the behavior of the main cacao diseases (Witch’s broom disease, frosty pod rot, black pod rot) in models of agroforestry systems contrasted with monoculture, as well as the optimization of agronomic practices to reduce some of these stresses. This compendium, therefore, sheds light on a major gap in establishing truly sustainable agriculture, which has been treated much more from the perspective of negative stigma than from the real technological advantages that can be combined to the benefit of a balanced ecosystem with generating income for farmers.

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Section: Cacao Agroforestry Systems Vs Monoculture: Development Of Ca...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cacao agroforestry systems beyond the stigmas: Biotic and abiotic stress incidence impact

et al. 2022

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“…Phytophthora reproduces sexually via dispersal spores (sporangia and zoospores) and asexually via resting spores (oospores and chlamydospores) (Figure 1) (Erwin & Ribeiro, 1996;Judelson & Blanco, 2005;Perrine-walker, 2020). Sporangia and zoospores help Phytophthora species to spread and escape from the deteriorating environment, whereas chlamydospores are reserved and remain viable in the soil for a long time, waiting for favorable and conducive conditions for sporulation and dispersal (Butubu, 2016).…”

Section: Mode Of Action Of Phytophthora Palmivoramentioning

confidence: 99%

Host Range and Control Strategies of Phytophthora palmivora in Southeast Asia Perennial Crops

Misman¹,

Samsulrizal²,

Noh³

et al. 2022

JTAS

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Phytophthora palmivora is a destructive plant pathogenic oomycete that has caused lethal diseases in a wide range of hosts. It is a pan-tropical distributed pathogen that can infect plants at all growth stages. Extensive studies have linked P. palmivora to severe diseases in several crops, such as black pepper, rubber, cocoa, and durian, causing global economic losses. This review covers the following topics in depth: (i) P. palmivora as phytopathogen; (ii) identification and infection mechanism in rubber, cocoa, and durian; and (iii) management and control applied for P. palmivora diseases. Effective management strategies were studied and practiced to prevent the spread of P. palmivora disease. Genetic resistance and biocontrol are the best methods to control the disease. A better understanding of P. palmivora infection mechanisms in our main crops and early disease detection can reduce the risk of catastrophic pandemics.

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“…Well-known narrow host range species are Phytophthora infestans that causes late blight disease on potato and tomato, and Phytophthora sojae , the soybean root and stem rot pathogen. Examples of broad host range species are Phytophthora ramorum , the sudden oak death pathogen, Phytophthora capsici that causes stem and fruit rot on many vegetables, and Phytophthora palmivora , a devastating pathogen on tropical crops such as cacao and date palm ( Kamoun et al, 2014 ; Perrine-Walker, 2020 ). The type species of the genus is P. infestans which caused the Irish potato famine in the mid-nineteenth century.…”

Section: Oomycete Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncovering the Role of Metabolism in Oomycete–Host Interactions Using Genome-Scale Metabolic Models

et al. 2021

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Metabolism is the set of biochemical reactions of an organism that enables it to assimilate nutrients from its environment and to generate building blocks for growth and proliferation. It forms a complex network that is intertwined with the many molecular and cellular processes that take place within cells. Systems biology aims to capture the complexity of cells, organisms, or communities by reconstructing models based on information gathered by high-throughput analyses (omics data) and prior knowledge. One type of model is a genome-scale metabolic model (GEM) that allows studying the distributions of metabolic fluxes, i.e., the “mass-flow” through the network of biochemical reactions. GEMs are nowadays widely applied and have been reconstructed for various microbial pathogens, either in a free-living state or in interaction with their hosts, with the aim to gain insight into mechanisms of pathogenicity. In this review, we first introduce the principles of systems biology and GEMs. We then describe how metabolic modeling can contribute to unraveling microbial pathogenesis and host–pathogen interactions, with a specific focus on oomycete plant pathogens and in particular Phytophthora infestans. Subsequently, we review achievements obtained so far and identify and discuss potential pitfalls of current models. Finally, we propose a workflow for reconstructing high-quality GEMs and elaborate on the resources needed to advance a system biology approach aimed at untangling the intimate interactions between plants and pathogens.

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Phytophthora palmivora–Cocoa Interaction

Cited by 27 publications

References 154 publications

Cacao agroforestry systems beyond the stigmas: Biotic and abiotic stress incidence impact

Cacao agroforestry systems beyond the stigmas: Biotic and abiotic stress incidence impact

Host Range and Control Strategies of Phytophthora palmivora in Southeast Asia Perennial Crops

Uncovering the Role of Metabolism in Oomycete–Host Interactions Using Genome-Scale Metabolic Models

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