Phytophthora cinnamomi

Hardham, Adrienne R.; Blackman, Leila M.

doi:10.1111/mpp.12568

Cited by 184 publications

(207 citation statements)

References 201 publications

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“…Future studies should investigate the relationship between water stress and oomycete communities in these ecosystems, given the importance of water availability for zoospore movement and infection success (de Sampaio e Paiva Camilo- Alves et al, 2013;Sena, Crocker, Vincelli, & Barton, 2018). Similarly, the strong link to soil skeleton was not surprising given that higher soil skeleton content is linked to lower soil water holding capacity (directly via a reduced volume of fine material and indirectly via its inverse relationship to soil depth) and that soil moisture is a prerequisite for the spread of oomycetes like P. cinnamomi (Hardham & Blackman, 2018). Similarly, the effect of slope is most likely attributable to lower soil moisture (Augenstein, Goeppert, & Goldscheider, 2015;Duque-Lazo et al, 2018;van Schaik, 2009).…”

Section: Linkages With Abiotic Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Site‐specific distribution of oak rhizosphere‐associated oomycetes revealed by cytochrome c oxidase subunit II metabarcoding

Sapp

Tyborski

Linstädter

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

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The phylum Oomycota comprises important tree pathogens like Phytophthora quercina, involved in central European oak decline, and Phytophthora cinnamomi shown to affect holm oaks among many other hosts. Despite the importance to study the distribution, dispersal and niche partitioning of this phylum, metabarcoding surveys, and studies considering environmental factors that could explain oomycete community patterns are still rare. We investigated oomycetes in the rhizosphere of evergreen oaks in a Spanish oak woodland using metabarcoding based on Illumina sequencing of the taxonomic marker cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (cox2). We developed an approach amplifying a 333 bp long fragment using the forward primer Hud‐F (Mycologia, 2000) and a reverse primer found using DegePrime (Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2014). Factors reflecting topo‐edaphic conditions and tree health were linked to oomycete community patterns. The majority of detected OTUs belonged to the Peronosporales. Most taxa were relatives of the Pythiaceae, but relatives of the Peronosporaceae and members of the Saprolegniales were also found. The most abundant OTUs were related to Globisporangium irregulare and P. cinnamomi, both displaying strong site‐specific patterns. Oomycete communities were strongly correlated with the environmental factors: altitude, crown foliation, slope and soil skeleton and soil nitrogen. Our findings illustrate the significance of small scale variation in habitat conditions for the distribution of oomycetes and highlight the importance to study oomycete communities in relation to such ecological patterns.

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Section: Linkages With Abiotic Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Site‐specific distribution of oak rhizosphere‐associated oomycetes revealed by cytochrome c oxidase subunit II metabarcoding

Sapp

Tyborski

Linstädter

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Plummer, Kirk, Peace, & McDonald, 2016;Denman & Webber, 2009;Hardham & Blackman, 2018;Mirabolfathy, Groenewald, & Crous, 2011;Panzavolta et al, 2017). None of the pathogens identified to date is considered the sole agent in the oak decline syndrome since their effects vary according to spatiotemporal patterns.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This fungus is known as one of the most destructive pathogen on oak trees in Iran considering its spatiotemporal distribution and severity of symptoms (Kazempour et al, 2006;Mirabolfathy et al, 2011). Others have reported the oomycete Phytophthora cinnamomi involved in oak and chestnut declines in several regions of the world (e.g., Hardham & Blackman, 2018 (Barnard, Ash, Hopkins, & McGovern, 1998;Biosca et al, 2003;Brady et al, 2012Brady et al, , 2010Brady et al, , 2014aBrady et al, , 2014bBrady et al, , 2014cDenman et al, 2017Denman et al, , 2012Scortichini, Stead, & Rossi, 1993). In addition, two Gram-positive bacteria in the Clostridoides and the genus Carnobacterium were found in oak trees affected with decline in Britain through transcriptomic analyses (Broberg et al, 2018).…”

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confidence: 99%

Identification and characterization of bacterial strains associated with diseased oak trees in Northern Iran

et al. 2019

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Oak decline syndrome is characterized by periodic occurrences of decline and death of oaks over widespread areas. An outbreak of a new emerging disease on oak trees was reported in the Hyrcanian forest of Iran (Mazandaran and Golestan provinces) that showed stem bleeding and canker symptoms. Bacterial isolates were characterized through biochemical and physiological tests, protein electrophoresis, DNA fingerprinting (rep‐PCR, ERIC and BOX primers) and sequencing of 16S rRNA and MLSA (multilocus sequencing analysis) for housekeeping genes (gyrB, infB and atpD). A complex community of the genus Brenneria spp. (Brenneria goodwinii, Brenneria roseae subsp. roseae, Brenneria sp. and Brenneria nigrifluens) and a few isolates in the genus Gibbsiella were identified as major groups involved. Isolate differentiation was more accurate using concatenated partial gene sequences within the main groups. All bacterial isolates showed hypersensitivity reactions (HR) on Pelargonium leaves (Pelargonium × hortorum). Pathogenicity studies of different Brenneria and Gibbsiella strains revealed that they have potential to cause the disease in oak seedlings and devastating oak canker and stem bleeding symptoms in northern Iran. Due to the presence of several potentially pathogenic agent(s) associated with the oak decline, identification of the principal agent(s) is of major interest. To our knowledge, this is the first report of potentially pathogenic bacteria associated with oak bleeding and canker in Iran.

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“…This pathogen, responsible for "root rot" or "regressive death", is one of the most invasive species worldwide. It infects close to 5000 species of plants [1], affecting a variety of plant families: conifers, grasses, ferns, ornamental plants and food crops such as pineapple or avocado [2]. Its expansion has been attributed to the phenomenon of climate change, given that the potential disease range is influenced by winter temperature (disease development is strongly hampered by cold winters) and other climatic variables, such as summer temperatures and hydrologic variables.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Chitosan-Polyphenol Conjugates against Phytophthora cinnamomi

et al. 2020

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Phytophthora cinnamomi is responsible for radical rot in a wide range of hosts, resulting in large economic and ecological losses worldwide. In Spain, it is responsible for diseases such as the oak decline or the chestnut blight. In this study, different polyphenol-stevioside inclusion compounds dispersed in a hydroalcoholic solution of chitosan oligomers have been investigated, with a view to their application as natural bioactive complexes to replace conventional systemic fungicides against this fungus. The polyphenols tested in vitro were curcumin, ferulic acid, gallic acid and silymarin. Three concentrations (125, 250 and 500 µg·mL −1 ) were assayed, with and without silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and notable differences were found in the inhibition of mycelium growth, with EC 50 and EC 90 values ranging from 171 to 373.6 µg·mL −1 , and from 446.2 to 963.7 µg·mL −1 , respectively. The results obtained showed that the addition of AgNPs, despite their antimicrobial activity, did not always lead to synergies. In the case of P. cinnamomi, an unexpected antagonistic behavior was found for two of the polyphenols (curcumin and silymarin), while an additive behavior for ferulic acid and a synergistic behavior for gallic acid were attained. In view of their inhibitory power, the preparations based on ferulic acid with AgNPs and on silymarin without AgNPs are proposed for applications in crop and forests protection against P. cinnamomi.

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Phytophthora cinnamomi

Cited by 184 publications

References 201 publications

Site‐specific distribution of oak rhizosphere‐associated oomycetes revealed by cytochrome c oxidase subunit II metabarcoding

Site‐specific distribution of oak rhizosphere‐associated oomycetes revealed by cytochrome c oxidase subunit II metabarcoding

Identification and characterization of bacterial strains associated with diseased oak trees in Northern Iran

In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Chitosan-Polyphenol Conjugates against Phytophthora cinnamomi

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