Phytophotodermatitis An experimental study using the chamber method

Abstract

Experimental phytophotodermatitis was produced using crushed leaves from the gas plant, Dictamnus albus. The tests were made using the chamber method and irradiated with ordinary black light tubes. An occlusion time of not less than 30 min was needed to give a phototoxic reaction in all test subjects. An occlusion time 30-120 min gave the optimal results, but contact for 24 h produced only weak and inconsistent reactions. The phototoxic substance was readily absorbed into the skin within 10-15 min. The phototoxic tendency already began to disappear within 30 min after the tests were removed. UVA energy of 0.3 J/cm2 was enough to evoke a phytophotoreaction in all of the test subjects when other conditions were optimal. The reactions were enhanced by adding water to the test sites. Deep-freezing of the plant material did not destroy the phototoxicity within a 4-month period.

Medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of the genus Dictamnus (Rutaceae)

“…However, it is possible that Cortex Dictamni aqueous extract has a selective toxicity given the changes in some hematological and liver function parameters and the liver-body weight ratios in the sub-chronic oral toxicity study (Wang et al, 2014). Schempp et al (1996), Knuchel and Luderschmidt (1986), Henderson and DesGroseilliers (1984), Szendrei et al (1968) and Suhonen (1977) reported that furocoumarins and alkaloids in Dictamnus albus may lead to bullous phototoxic contact dermatitis, leaving behind long lasting postinflammatory hyperpigmentations. Schempp et al investigated the phototoxic effect of dictamnine (1) in human Jurkat T cells and HaCaT keratinocytes and they found that dictamnine displayed concentration-and lightdependent phototoxic effects in both cell lines (Schempp et al, 2006).…”

Phytophotodermatitis: A Review of Its Clinical and Pathogenic Aspects

“…An occlusion time was 30-120 min and even after freezing of the plant material was able to evoke PPD. No histological analyses were performed [33] . Another study on humans was published in 1983 with Heracleum laciniatum.…”

Dermatitis bullosa striata pratensis durch Ruta graveolens L. (Gartenraute)

“…Beim hier vorgestellten Patienten waren alle Faktoren vorhanden, die für das Entstehen einer phototoxischen Dermatitis von Bedeutung sind -Kontakt mit dem Photosensibilisator, feuchte Haut und Sonneneinstrahlung[2,11]. c :Der vorgestellte Fall zeigt eine durch Ruta graveolens L. ausgelöste phototoxische Dermatitis in Form einer klassischen Dermatitis bullosa striata pratensis.…”