Phytomining of rare earth elements – A review

Dinh, Truong; Dobó, Zsolt; Kovács, Helga

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134259

Cited by 39 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Similarly, Saatz et al [ 74 ] found significant correlations between the concentration of Gd and Y in the nutrient solution and the root tissue concentration of Ca, Mg, and P. The result of TF showed that A. herba-alba had TF > 1 for La, Ce, Pr, Y, and TF < 1 for Th; S. oppositifolia in Unit S1 had TF > 1 for La, and other plants had TF < 1 for all REEs ( Figure 2 ). Under normal circumstances, the TF of REEs is less than 1, except for hyperaccumulating ones [ 47 , 75 ]. By considering if BCF root > 1 and TF < 1, the plant could be a good candidate for phytostabilization, and BCF shoot > 1 and TF > 1 could select the plant for phytoextraction; it was found that for La, S. oppositifolia , S. tenacissima , and P. miliaceum had a BCF root of 1.45, 3.28, and 5.86, respectively, and could stabilize La in the root.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoremediation Potential of Native Plant Species in Mine Soils Polluted by Metal(loid)s and Rare Earth Elements

Azizi

Faz

Zornoza

et al. 2023

Plants

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Mining activity has an adverse impact on the surrounding ecosystem, especially via the release of potentially toxic elements (PTEs); therefore, there is an urgent need to develop efficient technologies to remediate these ecosystems, especially soils. Phytoremediation can be potentially used to remediate contaminated areas by potentially toxic elements. However, in soils affected by polymetallic contamination, including metals, metalloids, and rare earth elements (REEs), it is necessary to evaluate the behavior of these toxic elements in the soil-plant system, which will allow the selection of the most appropriate native plants with phytoremediation potential to be used in phytoremediation programs. This study was conducted to evaluate the level of contamination of 29 metal(loid)s and REEs in two natural soils and four native plant species (Salsola oppositifolia, Stipa tenacissima, Piptatherum miliaceum, and Artemisia herba-alba) growing in the vicinity of a Pb-(Ag)-Zn mine and asses their phytoextraction and phytostabilization potential. The results indicated that very high soil contamination was found for Zn, Fe, Al, Pb, Cd, As, Se, and Th, considerable to moderate contamination for Cu, Sb, Cs, Ge Ni, Cr, and Co, and low contamination for Rb, V, Sr, Zr, Sn, Y, Bi and U in the study area, dependent of sampling place. Available fraction of PTEs and REEs in comparison to total concentration showed a wide range from 0% for Sn to more than 10% for Pb, Cd, and Mn. Soil properties such as pH, electrical conductivity, and clay content affect the total, available, and water-soluble concentrations of different PTEs and REEs. The results obtained from plant analysis showed that the concentration of PTEs in shoots could be at a toxicity level (Zn, Pb, and Cr), lower than toxic but more than sufficient or natural concentration accepted in plants (Cd, Ni, and Cu) or at an acceptable level (e.g., V, As, Co, and Mn). Accumulation of PTEs and REEs in plants and the translocation from root to shoot varied between plant species and sampling soils. A. herba-alba is the least efficient plant in the phytoremediation process; P. miliaceum was a good candidate for phytostabilization of Pb, Cd, Cu, V, and As, and S. oppositifolia for phytoextraction of Zn, Cd, Mn, and Mo. All plant species except A. herba-alba could be potential candidates for phytostabilization of REEs, while none of the plant species has the potential to be used in the phytoextraction of REEs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoremediation Potential of Native Plant Species in Mine Soils Polluted by Metal(loid)s and Rare Earth Elements

Azizi

Faz

Zornoza

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…An interesting field for the mining of rare earth and precious metals − and for the decontamination of heavy metal-contaminated soils is phytomining . This young branch of metallurgy involves cultivating a group of special plants which act as metallic hyper-accumulators.…”

Section: Sustainability Aspects In Extractive Metallurgical Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Materials Science behind Sustainable Metals and Alloys

Raabe

2023

Chem. Rev.

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Production of metals stands for 40% of all industrial greenhouse gas emissions, 10% of the global energy consumption, 3.2 billion tonnes of minerals mined, and several billion tonnes of by-products every year. Therefore, metals must become more sustainable. A circular economy model does not work, because market demand exceeds the available scrap currently by about two-thirds. Even under optimal conditions, at least one-third of the metals will also in the future come from primary production, creating huge emissions. Although the influence of metals on global warming has been discussed with respect to mitigation strategies and socio-economic factors, the fundamental materials science to make the metallurgical sector more sustainable has been less addressed. This may be attributed to the fact that the field of sustainable metals describes a global challenge, but not yet a homogeneous research field. However, the sheer magnitude of this challenge and its huge environmental effects, caused by more than 2 billion tonnes of metals produced every year, make its sustainability an essential research topic not only from a technological point of view but also from a basic materials research perspective. Therefore, this paper aims to identify and discuss the most pressing scientific bottleneck questions and key mechanisms, considering metal synthesis from primary (minerals), secondary (scrap), and tertiary (re-mined) sources as well as the energy-intensive downstream processing. Focus is placed on materials science aspects, particularly on those that help reduce CO2 emissions, and less on process engineering or economy. The paper does not describe the devastating influence of metal-related greenhouse gas emissions on climate, but scientific approaches how to solve this problem, through research that can render metallurgy fossil-free. The content is considering only direct measures to metallurgical sustainability (production) and not indirect measures that materials leverage through their properties (strength, weight, longevity, functionality).

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“…Meanwhile, the innovative phytomining approach is at a very early stage of development in terms of NMs and REEs, despite their potential for phytomining. The entire concept of NM and REE phytomining just has been disclosed recently [ 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fate of noble metals and rare earth elements during pelletized biomass combustion

Dinh,

Kovács,

Dobó

2024

Heliyon

Self Cite

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Phytomining of rare earth elements – A review

Cited by 39 publications

References 97 publications

Phytoremediation Potential of Native Plant Species in Mine Soils Polluted by Metal(loid)s and Rare Earth Elements

Phytoremediation Potential of Native Plant Species in Mine Soils Polluted by Metal(loid)s and Rare Earth Elements

The Materials Science behind Sustainable Metals and Alloys

The fate of noble metals and rare earth elements during pelletized biomass combustion

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