Phytoliths in Paleoecology: Analytical Considerations, Current Use, and Future Directions

Strömberg, Caroline A.E.; Dunn, Regan E.; Crifò, Camilla; Harris, Elisha B.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-94265-0_12

Cited by 63 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 365 publications

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“…The two types of phytolith degradation seen in this study were observed earlier. Eroded forms of elongate psilate phytoliths, with heavily etched surfaces observed under a light microscope, were reported by Madella and Lancelotti (2012) and Strömberg et al (2018). Tiny holes on the surfaces of the phytoliths, caused by dissolution, were reported by Osterrieth et al (2009).…”

Section: Changes Of Morphotypesmentioning

confidence: 98%

pH-dependent silicon release from phytoliths of Norway spruce (Picea abies)

et al. 2019

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Accurate evaluation of the preservation state of fossil phytoliths in glacial lake sediments is important, as these microfossils are often used in paleoecological and archaeological studies. The characteristic phytolith type of the Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) needle is a potential keystone in paleoecological studies. In this laboratory study, we investigated dissolution of Picea abies blocky type phytoliths, to simulate dissolution processes in sediments and soils and create reference material to compare with fossil phytoliths. Intact needles, needle ash, diatomite and silica gel were treated with Britton-Robinson buffer solutions at pH values from 2 to 12 for 22 days. Silicon was measured by microwave Z. Lisztes-Szabó (&) Á A

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Section: Changes Of Morphotypesmentioning

confidence: 98%

pH-dependent silicon release from phytoliths of Norway spruce (Picea abies)

et al. 2019

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“…The authors suggest that phytolith translocation should be considered in investigations concerning palaeoclimate and palaeovegetation reconstructions. Strömberg et al (2018) assessed translocation processes within the soil, but then went on to consider the dissolution and breakdown of phytoliths. The major factor in increasing phytolith solubility was geometric surface to bulk ratio.…”

Section: Frontiers In Phytolith Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although many papers in our collection will be of use to those working in palaeoecology, palaeoclimatology, and archaeology, unfortunately the major gap in Frontiers in Phytolith Research are studies looking at using phytoliths to reconstruct past ecology, climates or human activities. Readers are referred to Ball et al (2016) and Strömberg et al (2018) for recent reviews of work in these areas.…”

Section: Frontiers In Phytolith Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Editorial: Frontiers in Phytolith Research

et al. 2020

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“…Several functions have been proposed for phytoliths, including contributing to structural support, drought tolerance and herbivory deterrence (Sangster et al, 2001;Cooke & Leishman, 2011;Str€ omberg et al, 2016). The diagnostic shapes of phytoliths preserved in sedimentary rock can be useful indicators of past abundance and distribution of plant types and in reconstructing paleoenvironments (Str€ omberg, 2004;Prasad et al, 2011;Novello et al, 2017), although paleobotanical studies using phytoliths have so far largely been limited to Cretaceous-Quaternary vascular plant communities (Sr€ omberg et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of phytolith deposition in modern bryophytes, and implications for the fossil record and influence on silica cycle in early land plant evolution

2018

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Summary Anecdotal evidence indicating substantial silica accumulation in tissues of bryophytes suggests that silica (phytolith) deposition evolved early on in embryophytes. To test this hypothesis, we conducted the first survey of phytolith content representing the major liverwort, moss and hornwort clades. We also assessed the diagnostic value of bryophyte phytoliths. Silica extracted from bryophyte material through wet‐ashing was described, focusing on abundance, classifying taxa as nonproducers, light producers and higher producers; and phytolith morphotypes. Ancestral state reconstruction of these characters was performed for mosses and liverworts using published phylogenies. Phytoliths are present in multiple subclades within liverworts, mosses and hornworts, but these phyla were not ancestrally high silica‐producers. Higher deposition occurs in liverworts and mosses with specialized water‐conducting cells. We hypothesize that active, high silica accumulation was not ancestral for embryophytes, but became possible in clades with increased water conductance. Phytoliths of diagnostic structures (e.g. pegged rhizoids) could help track bryophyte clades or water conductance evolution in the fossil record.

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Phytoliths in Paleoecology: Analytical Considerations, Current Use, and Future Directions

Cited by 63 publications

References 365 publications

pH-dependent silicon release from phytoliths of Norway spruce (Picea abies)

pH-dependent silicon release from phytoliths of Norway spruce (Picea abies)

Editorial: Frontiers in Phytolith Research

Evolution of phytolith deposition in modern bryophytes, and implications for the fossil record and influence on silica cycle in early land plant evolution

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