Phytolith morphology research on wild and domesticated rice species in East Asia

Gu, Yansheng; Zhao, Zhijun; Pearsall, Deborah M.

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2012.02.013

Cited by 86 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…According to Pearsall et al (1995) the bulliform lengths, thickness and width measurements of some Oryzeae and Bambuseae tribes overlap and therefore these measurements alone should not be used to determine domesticated rice (Oryza sativa). Lu et al (2002) Pearsall et al (1995), Gu et al (2012) and Lu et al (2002) into account a statistical test, developed by Dr R Premathilake, from the University of Colombo, Sri Lanka (personal communication, 2009), was used in combination with scale counts in an attempt to determine the presence of potential Oryza sativa. Potential Oryza sativa types were identified based on the statistical analysis described below.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 2300 yr record of sago and rice use from the southern Kelabit Highlands of Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo

Jones¹,

Hunt²,

Reimer³

2013

The Holocene

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Rice and sago are today important staples for many subsistence farmers and nomadic hunter-gatherers living in interior Borneo, but the cultural antiquity of these staples remains poorly understood. This study examines a 2300 yr sedimentary record from a palaeochannel near the village of Pa'Dalih in the southern Kelabit Highlands. Pollen and phytolith evidence indicate significant use of the sago palm Eugeissona near the channel during this period. Oryza phytoliths likely belonging to domesticated rice varieties are also recorded, although rice may have been used to a lesser extent than the sago palms. A rise in cultural activity takes place between c. 1715 and 1600 cal. BP, shown by increased frequency of fires.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 2300 yr record of sago and rice use from the southern Kelabit Highlands of Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo

Jones¹,

Hunt²,

Reimer³

2013

The Holocene

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“…Phytolith analysis has also proved useful for identifying microscopic remains of plants to the genus level, including in very early (e.g., Pleistocene) deposits where grains and husks are not present. This advance has allowed identification of presumably domesticated, or at least cultivated, rice occurring beyond the areas of wild Oryza distribution with enough accuracy to separate the two major subspecies of Oryza sativa (indica and japonica) from each other (16)(17)(18).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeological and genetic insights into the origins of domesticated rice

Gross

Zhao

2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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312

206

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Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the most important cereal grains in the world today and serves as a staple food source for more than half of the world's population. Research into when, where, and how rice was brought into cultivation and eventually domesticated, along with its development into a staple food source, is thus essential. These questions have been a point of nearly continuous research in both archaeology and genetics, and new information has continually come to light as theory, data acquisition, and analytical techniques have advanced over time. Here, we review the broad history of our scientific understanding of the rice domestication process from both an archaeological and genetic perspective and examine in detail the information that has come to light in both of these fields in the last 10 y. Current findings from genetics and archaeology are consistent with the domestication of O. sativa japonica in the Yangtze River valley of southern China. Interestingly, although it appears rice was cultivated in the area by as early 8000 BP, the key domestication trait of nonshattering was not fixed for another 1,000 y or perhaps longer. Rice was also cultivated in India as early as 5000 BP, but the domesticated indica subspecies currently appears to be a product of the introgression of favorable alleles from japonica. These findings are reshaping our understanding of rice domestication and also have implications for understanding the complex evolutionary process of plant domestication.

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“…All the four oryzoid grasses exclusively produce characteristic scooped bilobates. These bilobates were earlier isolated and described as 'ehrhartoid bilobates' or 'scooped bilobates' by Pearsall et al (1995), Piperno (2006), Gu et al (2013) and Neumann et al (2017). Among the various subtypes of scooped bilobates isolated in this study, medium bilobates with medium shank and scooped ends are found to be dominant particularly in two Oryza species.…”

Section: Significant Findings In Grass Phytolith Spectramentioning

confidence: 50%

“…Rondel/tower group is sub-categorised into 11 subtypes namely two horned rondel, three horned rondel, four horned rondel (newly described in this study), pyramidal rondel, ellipsoid rondel, keeled rondel, oval rondel (smaller than ellipsoid rondel, smooth outline and more tapered at one end), flat tower, spool/horned tower, complex tower and wavy top rondel adopting classification of Twiss et al 1969, Brown 1984, Mulholland 1989, Mulholland and Rapp 1992, Twiss 1992, Fredlund and Tieszen 1994, Piperno and Pearsall 1998, Lu and Liu 2003a, Gallego and Distel 2004, Blinnikov 2005, Honaine et al 2006, Mercader et al 2010, Ghosh et al 2011and Gu et al 2013.…”

Section: Major Groupsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Various workers from different parts of the globe, proposed different grass phytolith classification schemes and used diverse terms depending on varied criteria (Metcalfe 1960, Twiss et al 1969, Sase and Kondo 1974, Pearsall and Trimble 1983, Brown 1984, Kondo and Sase 1986, Piperno 1988, Mulholland 1989, Pearsall and Piperno 1990, Mulholland and Rapp 1992, Wang and Lu 1993, Fredlund and Tieszen 1994, Kondo et al 1994, Piperno and Pearsall 1998, Runge 1999, Krishnan et al 2000, Pearsall 2000, Lu and Liu 2003a, b, Gallego and Distel 2004, Blinnikov 2005, Madella et al 2005, Honaine et al 2006, Fahmy 2008, Barboni and Bremond 2009, Mercader et al 2010, Ghosh et al 2011, Gu et al 2013, Biswas et al 2016, Neumann et al 2017. Till date, there is no uniform, world-wide accepted grass phytolith classification scheme because of variations in materials, locality, classification parameter etc.…”

Section: Micro-morphometric Approaches In Grass Phytolith Systematicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Taxonomic assessment of opal phytoliths from grasses of deltaic West Bengal, India

Naskar

Bera

2018

Nordic Journal of Botany

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In the present study, taxonomic potential of opal phytoliths was examined in grasses from lower Gangetic delta, West Bengal, India. The study revealed that finer classification of phytoliths can increase the efficacy of opal silica as taxonomic proxy by minimizing the influences of multiplicity and redundancy. We isolated 187 phytolith sub‐morphotypes, categorized under 10 major groups, from 110 grass species belonging to 45 genera, 21 sub‐tribes, 13 tribes and 7 subfamilies. Cluster and correspondence analyses showed that all the significantly represented subfamilies can be clearly distinguished on the basis of either principal morphotypes or sub‐morphotypes. However, genus/species level discrimination may only be possible by deploying phytolith based identification key developed by utilizing detailed grass phytolith micro‐morphometry and frequency attributes. We conclude that grass phytolith characteristics provide useful and significant information for distinguishing grass taxa of deltaic West Bengal.

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Phytolith morphology research on wild and domesticated rice species in East Asia

Cited by 86 publications

References 30 publications

A 2300 yr record of sago and rice use from the southern Kelabit Highlands of Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo

A 2300 yr record of sago and rice use from the southern Kelabit Highlands of Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo

Archaeological and genetic insights into the origins of domesticated rice

Taxonomic assessment of opal phytoliths from grasses of deltaic West Bengal, India

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