Phytohormone Conjugates: Nature and Function

Kleczkowski, K; Schell, Jeff; Bandur, Robert

doi:10.1080/07352689509382361

Cited by 88 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…Here, we show that JA (1, 2) and its conjugates function without being converted into each other. Thus, it is highly improbable that JA amino acid conjugates are storage forms of JA in barley leaves as described for other plant hormones as well as species [34]. As analyzed by uptake measurements with isolated barley mesophyll protoplasts, it is highly improbable that the structural specificities of enantiomeric and chiralic forms found here simply reflect uptake specificities, e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amino acid conjugates of jasmonic acid induce jasmonate‐responsive gene expression in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) leaves

1997

FEBS Letters

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amino acid conjugates of jasmonic acid induce jasmonate‐responsive gene expression in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) leaves

1997

FEBS Letters

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“…Plant hormones, such as auxins, abscisic acid, and gibberellins, can be inactivated by conjugation with a Glc moiety (Kleczkowski and Schell, 1995). Glucosylation of SA results in either SAG or a SA Glc ester (SGE) ( Figure 4A).…”

Section: Inhibition Of Sagtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Plant Immune-Priming Compounds Identified via High-Throughput Chemical Screening Target Salicylic Acid Glucosyltransferases in Arabidopsis

et al. 2012

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Plant activators are compounds, such as analogs of the defense hormone salicylic acid (SA), that protect plants from pathogens by activating the plant immune system. Although some plant activators have been widely used in agriculture, the molecular mechanisms of immune induction are largely unknown. Using a newly established high-throughput screening procedure that screens for compounds that specifically potentiate pathogen-activated cell death in Arabidopsis thaliana cultured suspension cells, we identified five compounds that prime the immune response. These compounds enhanced disease resistance against pathogenic Pseudomonas bacteria in Arabidopsis plants. Pretreatments increased the accumulation of endogenous SA, but reduced its metabolite, SA-O-β-d-glucoside. Inducing compounds inhibited two SA glucosyltransferases (SAGTs) in vitro. Double knockout plants that lack both SAGTs consistently exhibited enhanced disease resistance. Our results demonstrate that manipulation of the active free SA pool via SA-inactivating enzymes can be a useful strategy for fortifying plant disease resistance and may identify useful crop protectants.

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“…Does ABA-GE represent an irreversibly inactivated form of ABA, or can it later generate free ABA? It is generally assumed that ABA-GE is not a storage form of ABA and that the conjugation is irreversible, with the conjugate being sequestered in the vacuole (Kleczkowski and Schell 1995;Zeevaart 1999 (Zhou and others 2004). It is generally assumed that ABA glucose ester, PA, and DPA are inactive, whereas the hydroxy ABA catabolites (7¢ and 8¢ hydroxy-ABAs) can act as signaling molecules (Hill and others 1995).…”

Section: Post-translational Modification and Protein Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Abscisic Acid in Seed Dormancy

Kermode

2005

J Plant Growth Regul

250

160

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Seed dormancy is an adaptive trait that improves survival of the next generation by optimizing the distribution of germination over time. The agricultural and forest industries rely on seeds that exhibit high rates of germination and vigorous, synchronous growth after germination; hence dormancy is sometimes considered an undesirable trait. The forest industry encounters problems with the pronounced dormancy of some conifer seeds, a feature that can lead to non-uniform germination and poor seedling vigor. In cereal crops, an optimum balance is most sought after; some dormancy at harvest is favored because it prevents germination of the physiologically mature grain in the head prior to harvest (that is, preharvest sprouting), a phenomenon that leads to considerable damage to grain quality and is especially prominent in cool moist environments. The sesquiterpene abscisic acid (ABA) regulates key events during seed formation, such as the deposition of storage reserves, prevention of precocious germination, acquisition of desiccation tolerance, and induction of primary dormancy. Its regulatory role is achieved in part by cross-talk with other hormones and their associated signaling networks, via mechanisms that are largely unknown. Quantitative genetics and functional genomics approaches will contribute to the elucidation of genes and proteins that control seed dormancy and germination, including components of the ABA signal transduction pathway. Dynamic changes in ABA biosynthesis and catabolism elicit hormone-signaling changes that affect downstream gene expression and thereby regulate critical checkpoints at the transitions from dormancy to germination and from germination to growth. Some of the recent developments in these areas are discussed.

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Phytohormone Conjugates: Nature and Function

Cited by 88 publications

References 95 publications

Amino acid conjugates of jasmonic acid induce jasmonate‐responsive gene expression in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) leaves

Amino acid conjugates of jasmonic acid induce jasmonate‐responsive gene expression in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) leaves

Novel Plant Immune-Priming Compounds Identified via High-Throughput Chemical Screening Target Salicylic Acid Glucosyltransferases in Arabidopsis

Role of Abscisic Acid in Seed Dormancy

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