Phytoestrogens Activate the Estrogen Receptor in HepG2 Cells

Abstract

Phytoestrogens are popular alternatives to estrogen therapy however their effects on hemostasis in postmenopausal women are unknown. This chapter describes a protocol to determine the effect of the phytoestrogens genistein, daidzein and equol, on the expression of key genes from the hemostatic system in human hepatocyte cell models and to determine the role of estrogen receptors in mediating any response seen using in vitro culture systems and Taqman(®) gene expression analysis.

Soybean Bioactive Peptides and Their Functional Properties

“…The other major bioactive compounds in soybeans are the isoflavones, which are associated with the soy proteins. Isoflavones are phytochemicals, often referred to as phytoestrogens because they structurally resemble 17β-estradiol, and can bind both estrogen receptors α and β (ERα/β), but have a higher affinity for ERβ [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. They possess both estrogenic and anti-estrogenic properties as shown in cell culture and clinical studies.…”

Soybean Processing Wastes: Novel Insights on Their Production, Extraction of Isoflavones, and Their Therapeutic Properties

“…Phytoestrogens, such as isoflavones, derived from flowering plants, resemble 17-estradiol structurally and bind both estrogen receptors β and α but bind β more strongly than α estrogen receptors. , Several of the isoflavones produced include bioactive glucosides, genistin, daidzin, and glycitin, which have both estrogenic and antiestrogenic activity. In contrast, genistein, daidzein, and glycitein are turned into bioactive aglycones when they are broken down by β-glucosidases .…”