Phytoecdysteroids from the Aerial Part of Silene colpophylla

Abstract

The genus Silene L. includes about 700 species according to current data [1] and represents the richest source of ecdysteroids. Greater than 100 species of this genus have now been found to produce ecdysteroids [2]. Greater than 80 of the 476 identified ecdysteroids are synthesized by Silene species [3,4].The goal of the present work was to study the chemical composition of ecdysteroids from the aerial part of S. colpophylla Wrigley, which we recommend for the first time as a source of ecdysteroids.Ecdysteroids were isolated from the aerial part of S. colpophylla collected during flowering in 2009-2012. Starting extracts were obtained by exhaustive extraction of ground air-dried raw material by EtOH (70%). Lipophilic substances were removed by hexane. Subsequent multiple extraction by n-BuOH extracted terpenoid and phenolic compounds. The concentrated residual was fractionated successively using CHCl 3 -EtOH (9:1), EtOH (70%), and H 2 O. The CHCl 3 -EtOH fraction of the BuOH extract was separated by repeated chromatography over columns of silica gel. A total of 17 ecdysteroids were isolated from S. colpophylla for the first time. Six of these were identified by various physicochemical analytical methods (UV, HPLC, MS, NMR).HPLC-MS analysis was carried out on an Agilent 1200 LC with a diode-matrix detector, a hybrid quadrupole-timeof-flight micrOTOF-Q mass spectrometer (Bruker), and a Zorbax SB-C18 column (2.1 u 50 mm) using HCOOH-MeOH 2% eluent (linear gradient AcN content from 10 to 90% over 0-20 min) at flow rate 0.2 mL/min. The mass detector operated in chemical ionization and electrospray modes at atmospheric pressure (APCI pos. and API-ES). Positive and negative ions were scanned in the range m/z 100-3000. The drying gas (N 2 ) flow rate was 4 mL/min at 220°C.HPLC-UV analysis was carried out on an Agilent 1100 LC with a diode-matrix detector and a Zorbax Eclipse XDB C8 chromatography column (4.6 u 150 mm, 5 Pm) using MeOH-TFA (0.1%) eluent (gradient from 2 to 100% MeOH) at flow rate 0.8 mL/min. The analytical wavelength for detecting phytoecdysteroids was O max 254 nm.The principal compounds in chromatograms of the CHCl 3 -EtOH fraction had absorption maxima in the range 244-252 nm and corresponded to ecdysteroids from plants of the genus Silene [2-4], the structural features of which included an D,E-unsaturated ketone.The following ecdysteroids were isolated for the first time. Compound 1, t R 14.00 min. UV spectrum (MeOH, O max , nm): 248. Mass spectrum, m/z 497 [MH] + , 479, 461, 443, 425; 541 [M + HCOO] -, identified as integristerone A; C 27 H 44 O 8 [2, 3]. Compound 2, t R 16.15 min. UV spectrum (MeOH, O max , nm): 246. Mass spectrum, m/z 481 [MH] + , 463, 445, 427, 409; 525 [M + HCOO] -, identified as 20-hydroxyecdysone; C 27 H 44 O 7 [2, 4]. Compound 3, t R 16.49 min. UV spectrum (MeOH, O max , nm): 250. Mass spectrum, m/z 497 [MH] + , 481, 463, 445, 427; 541 [M + HCOO] -, identified as polipodine B; C 27 H 44 O 8 [2, 3]. Compound 4, t R 19.08 min. UV spectrum (MeOH, O max , nm): 248. Mass spectrum, ...

Phytochemical Screening, Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Biomass from Lychnis flos-cuculi L. In Vitro Cultures and Intact Plants

“…The base-peak chromatograms (BPC) of ex vitro herb, ex vitro roots and callus extracts, obtained using high-resolution ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS), are presented in Figure 3 . The detailed results of the analysis, including retention times, observed ion mass, fragmentation spectra and tentative identification are summarized in Table 1 [ 6 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ].…”