Phytochemistry and in vitro Antimicrobial, Antioxydant Activities of Entandrophragma candollei H.

Abstract

The research work was conducted to investigate the in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of extract of E. candollei (Family-Meliaceae). Phytochemical screening was done. Disc diffusion technique was used for in vitro antibacterial and antifungal screening. Minimal inhibitory concentration of promising extracts was determined by broth microdilution method. The phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoids compounds, tannins and saponins. The inhibition diameters were ranging from 7 to 17 mm and Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) from 156.25 to 2500 µg/mL. The ethyl acetate and ethanolic extract revealed a high radical scavenging activity with IC50 ranging from 9.1026 to 11.8298 µg/mL. The Ferric reducing power activity was obtained with active concentration ranging from 12.5 to 200 µg/mL. These results suggest that extracts from E. candollei possess antibacterial and antioxidant activities and therefore justifies their usage in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases. Key words:Entandrophragma candollei, antioxidant, antimicrobial activity. INTRODUCTIONThe increasing incidence of infectious diseases in the world particularly in developing country has stimulated the search for new antimicrobial agents. Plants are used as drugs in many countries for the treatment of many diseases (Mahesh and Satish, 2008). A rich heritage of knowledge to preventive and curative medicines was available in ancient scholastic works included in the Atharvaveda, Charaka, Sushruta etc.Over 50 % of all modern clinical drugs are of natural product origin (Stuffness et al., 1982) and natural products play an important role in drug development program in the pharmaceutical industry (Baker et al., 1995). Plants produce a . E-mail: lazaresidjui@yahoo.fr diverse range of bioactive molecules, making them a rich source of different types of medicines. The most important of these bioactive constituents of plants are alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds (Hill, 1952). * Corresponding AuthorE. candollei a large tropical forest tree belonging to the Meliaceae family (Notizbl, 1896) is used in Cameroon for the treatment of infectious diseases including malaria, bacterial and fungal infections (Dibong et al., 2011;Din et al., 2011).Previous investigations of this plant have yielded β-sitosterol, methylangolensate, candollein, atomasin A, atomasin B, epoxiprieurianin and odoratone, prieuranin (Gerard et al., 1997), epoxiprieurianin and prieurianin (Tchouankeu et al., 1989). The present investigation is directed at to evaluate antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of rootbark, leaves and stem backs of E. candollei. MATERIALS AND METHODS Collection of plant materialE. candollei was harvested in Yaoundé-Cameroon, (October 2014) and identified at the Cameroon National Herbarium (HNC), where a voucher specimens are deposited (1722/SRFK). Then, leaves stem and root bark were collected, cut into small pieces, dried at room temperature and powdered. Extraction of plant material500g of powder...