Phytochemicals as inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor alpha and neuroinflammatory responses in neurodegenerative diseases

Abstract

Inflammatory processes and proinflammatory cytokines have a key role in the cellular processes of neurodegenerative diseases and are linked to the pathogenesis of functional and mental health disorders. Tumor necrosis factor alpha has been reported to play a major role in the central nervous system in Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and many other neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, a potent proinflammatory/proapoptotic tumor necrosis factor alpha could be a strong candidate for targeted therapy. Plant derivatives have now become promising candidates as therapeutic agents because of their antioxidant and chemical characteristics, and anti-inflammatory features. Recently, phytochemicals including flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and lignans have generated interest as tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitor candidates for a number of diseases involving inflammation within the nervous system. In this review, we discuss how phytochemicals as tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors are a therapeutic strategy targeting neurodegeneration.

Thymol inTrachyspermum ammiseed extract exhibits neuroprotection, learning, and memory enhancement in scopolamine‐induced Alzheimer's disease mouse model

“…We observed significant improvement in the oxidative markers in the TASE‐ and thymol‐treated groups, signifying their neuroprotective potential against scopolamine‐induced oxidative stress which is consistent with previous studies (Nourmohammadi et al, 2022; Ogaly et al, 2022). Moreover, pro‐inflammatory cytokines such as TNF‐α, play a central role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, such as AD, and could be candidates for targeted therapy (Zahedipour et al, 2022). In our study, the administration of TASE and thymol with scopolamine‐induced AD significantly reduced the mouse brain TNF‐α level signifying their potent neuroprotective properties.…”

The Molecular Mechanism of Polyphenols in the Regulation of Ageing Hallmarks

“…Furthermore, it was found that inhibition of NF-κB activity by curcumin resulted in subsequent inhibition of P65 translocation to the nucleus and suppression of IκB-α degradation [ 217 ]. Further studies have shown that curcumin-induced inhibition of the transcription factor NF-κB results in a reduction in TNF-α, IL-6 and COX-2 [ 43 , 218 , 219 ].…”

The effect of medicinal plants on cirrhosis: A systematic review of clinical trials

“…The therapeutic use of plants for a wide range of diseases is well accepted. Different parts of these plants, including the roots, stems, and leaves, can have therapeutic uses and may be used raw, boiled, or in a dried form (Enayati et al, 2022; Hosseini, Penson, et al, 2021; Hosseini, Zahedipour, et al, 2021; Oluyemisi et al, 2012; Petrovska, 2012; Salmerón‐Manzano et al, 2020; Soltani et al, 2021; Zahedipour et al, 2022). Some medicinal plants can improve and reverse liver fibrosis, reduce oxidative stress, and inhibit tumorigenesis in the liver, thus improving liver damage.…”