Phytochemicals and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity from Piper caninum and Piper magnibaccum

Abstract

Background: Piper species are aromatic plants used as spices in the kitchen, but their secondary metabolites have also shown biological effects on human health. In traditional medicine, Piper species have been used worldwide to treat several diseases such as urological problems, skin, liver and stomach ailments, for wound healing, and as antipyretic and anti-inflammatory agents. In the present study, we attempted to isolate the phytochemicals from Piper caninum and Piper magnibaccum and evaluate their tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Methods: Phytochemical constituents of the extracts were investigated using various chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. The structures of the isolated phytochemicals were established by analysis of their spectroscopic data, as compared to that of reported data. Tyrosinase inhibitory activity was also tested on the extracts and selected compounds using mushroom tyrosinase as the enzyme. Results: Fractionation and purification of the extracts of Piper caninum and Piper magni­baccum afforded nine known compounds which were cepharanone A (1), cepharadione A (2), aristolactam AII (3), 5,7-dimethoxyflavone (4), 24-methylenecycloartan-3-one (5), β-sitosterol (6), piperumbellactam A (7), 24S-ethylcholesta-5,22,25-trien-3β-ol (8) and stigmast-3,6-dione (9). Ethyl acetate extracts from leaves of P. magnibaccum gave the highest inhibition value at 48.35%, while the tested compounds displayed weak tyrosinase activity compared to the positive control, kojic acid. Conclusion: These phytochemical results suggested that the extracts could assist as a potential source of bioactive compounds. Further research is needed in which the extract could possibly be exploited for pharmaceutical use.

Insights into the Phytochemical and Multifunctional Biological Profile of Spices from the Genus Piper

“…Piperine was unable to modulate the tyrosinase activity, whereas kojic acid, the positive control, decreased the mushroom monophenolase and diphenolase activity to 30.86% and 57.27%, respectively, with no significant effects on murine tyrosinase. Previously, the anti-tyrosinase activity of various Piper species, such as P. retrofractum, P. caninum Blume, P. abbreviatum Opiz, P. erecticaule C.DC., P. stylosum Miq., P. magnibaccum C.DC., and P. betle L., has been reported [60][61][62][63].…”

The isolation-biological activities (2014–2022), bio, semi, total synthesis (1978–2022) and SAR studies of a potential naturally engineered scaffold aristolactam

“…30). 60 The Luu Hong Truong group isolated eleven compounds including two known aristolactams, aristolactam AIIIa 45 and aristololactam CII 67, from the stem and leaves of Isotrema tadungense (Fig. 31).…”

Molecular Docking and Pharmacokinetics Analysis of Phytochemicals from Piper caninum as Dengue NS2B-NS3 Protease Inhibitors

“…P. caninum was traditionally used to treat hoarseness and as a tonic after childbirth [8]. The plant exhibits several biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-bacterial and tyrosinase inhibitory activities [9][10][11]8]. It contains several phytochemicals such as stilbene, flavonoids, and alkaloids [9].…”

“…The plant exhibits several biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-bacterial and tyrosinase inhibitory activities [9][10][11]8]. It contains several phytochemicals such as stilbene, flavonoids, and alkaloids [9]. Hence, it is beneficial to investigate the bioactivity of the phytochemicals as dengue inhibitors.…”