Phytochemicals and biological activities of Ligularia species

Abstract

Ligularia, an important genus of the Compositae family, has captured the interest of natural product chemists for years. Phytochemical investigations on the title genus have led to isolation of hundreds of secondary metabolites with various skeletons. Herein, we summarized the chemical constituents of this genus and their biological activities over the past few decades.

Crystal structure of 1α,11-dihydroxyeremophil-9-en-8-one, C15H24O3

“…In a continuation of a phytochemical research on Senecio species, which grow on the western flank of the Andes in northern Chile (ca 4000 m) [5][6][7][8], we report the isolation of a new eremophylane sesquiterpenoid from Senecio adenophyllus Meyen & Walp. The title compound displayed spectral properties that are similar to those eremophylane sesquiterpenoids isolated from genus Cremanthodium, Ligularia and Senecio [1,[9][10][11][12]. In order to ascertain the structure and secure the assignment of the stereochemistry of the title compound a single crystal structure determination was performed.…”

Profiling, Isolation, Chemical Characterisation and Distribution of Gentianaceae Constituents

“…These oxidation patterns may be extended even further to up to six different positions, and they can differ between species within a genus. Thus, tri-, tetra-, penta-and hexa-oxygenated xanthones have been identified with over twenty oxidation patterns (Jensen and Schripsema 2002;Vieira and Kijjoa 2005;Yang et al 2010). The distribution of xanthones with specific oxidation patterns is important to support taxonomic classification through chemotaxonomic relationships, as will be discussed below.…”

“…Many phytochemical investigations of various 1,3,5,6-O-xant.1,3,5,8-O-xant.1,3,7,8-O-xant According to the oxygenation scheme, discrimination can already be made based only on UV of pure compounds or on UV PDA spectra recorded on-line by HPLC-PDA (Kaldas 1977). b Example of UV spectra recorded after addition of UV shift reagents (Wolfender 1993) Gentianaceae species have been undertaken (Beerhues et al 1999;Brahmachari et al 2004;Carbonnier et al 1977;El-Seedi et al 2009Fotie and Bohle 2006;Hostettmann and Hostettmann 1989;Hostettmann and Wagner 1977;Jensen and Schripsema 2002;Li et al 2010;Meszaros 1994;Pant et al 2000;Rodriguez et al 1998;Singh 2008;Yang et al 2003Yang et al , 2010.…”

“…The use of chemotaxonomy as support for the systematic classification of some Gentianaceae species has resolved various questions about subdivisions of types or sub-tribes (Kaldas 1977;Massias et al 1982;Peres et al 2002). Several reviews have been dedicated to the components of the Gentianaceae and their biological activities (Beerhues et al 1999;Brahmachari et al 2004;Carbonnier et al 1977;El-Seedi et al 2009Fotie and Bohle 2006;Hostettmann and Hostettmann 1989;Hostettmann and Wagner 1977;Jensen and Schripsema 2002;Li et al 2010;Meszaros 1994;Pant et al 2000;Rodriguez et al 1998;Singh 2008;Yang et al 2003Yang et al , 2010.…”

Terpenoid Composition and Base Sequences of <i>Ligularia virgaurea</i> (Asteraceae) Grown in the Hengduan Mountain Area in China and a Comment on Drawing Structures

“…MATTF. 8,9) is discussed based mainly on our recent findings on the isolation of terpenoids. [10][11][12][13] These studies were carried out in collaboration with many scientists, especially Dr. Xun Gong at the Kunming Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Science, and Professors Chiaki Kuroda and Ryo Hanai at Rikkyo University, Japan.…”