Phytochemical studies and thin layer chromatography of leaves and flower extracts of Senna siamea lam for possible biomedical applications

Abstract

Senna siamea is a medium-size, evergreen plant which has been utilized as a source of food, medicine and other agricultural purposes in different communities. However, there is dearth of information in regard to its possible biomedicinal uses, especially in Nigeria. Thus the preliminary phytochemical analysis and thin layer chromatography (TLC) separation was done using methanol, n-hexane and ethyl acetate (1:3:1) as solvent system while iodine vapour as spotting agent. The phytochemical screening of methanol extracts of leaves revealed the presence of cardiac glycoside, flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid and tannins while chloroform extracts of leaves revealed saponin only. Ethyl acetate and petroleum ether extracts revealed absence of all these phytochemicals. The chloroform, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether extracts of flower revealed absence of saponin, flavonoids, tannins and alkaloids but with traces of saponin and anthraquinones. TLC separation showed nine (9) spots each of chloroform and ethyl acetates, six (6) spots of methanol, three (3) spots of petroleum ether from leaves extracts. While, three (3) spots each of ethyl acetate and methanol, six (6) spots of chloroform were identified for flower extracts. No water spot separated from both leaves and flower extracts. From our findings, it can be concluded that S. siamea lam contains some significant phytochemicals that can exhibit desired therapeutic activities such as hypoglycemia, anti-arrthymia and antimicrobial. However, there is the need to conduct further pharmaceutical analyses on test extracts in order to establish these biomedical applications.

Chemical Composition and Larvicidal Activity of Flower Extracts from Clitoria ternatea against Aedes (Diptera: Culicidae)

“…en, the bottle was kept at room temperature for 48 hours and after 48 hours, the extract was filtered out using cotton wool and filter paper. Finally, they were stored in a universal bottle and maintained at 4°C to 6°C [13].…”

“…A UV-visible spectrophotometer was used to evaluate the concentrations of polyphenols present in each extract, the absorbance of which was measured at 725 nm wavelength. All the measurements were performed in triplicate for each sample [13].…”

A Consideração De Aspectos Socioculturais No Tratamento Da Obesidade: Reflexões Introdutórias

“…Os polifenóis são compostos bioativos, geralmente envolvidos na defesa da planta contra a radiação ultravioleta e ataques de agentes patogénicos ou predadores (Dai e Mumper, 2010). Estes compostos podem distribuir-se de forma heterogénea por todas as partes da planta (madeira, casca, talos, vagens, folhas, frutas, raízes, flores, pólen e sementes), no entanto, a concentração em fitoquímicos tende a ser superior nas flores, uma vez que estas são o órgão reprodutor da planta (Vinha et al, 2020;Hassan et al, 2015). Por esse motivo, a flor é uma parte importante da planta para a sua reprodução e para a propagação da espécie, e tratando-se de flores não tóxicas, estas podem ainda integrar a dieta alimentar, uma vez que contêm uma grande variedade de antioxidantes naturais (Zheng et al, 2018).…”

“…Por esse motivo, a flor é uma parte importante da planta para a sua reprodução e para a propagação da espécie, e tratando-se de flores não tóxicas, estas podem ainda integrar a dieta alimentar, uma vez que contêm uma grande variedade de antioxidantes naturais (Zheng et al, 2018). Nas plantas edíveis, os polifenóis contribuem para a amargura, adstringência, cor, sabor, odor e estabilidade oxidativa (Zheng et al, 2018;Hassan et al, 2015). Por exemplo, alguns compostos fenólicos contribuem para o amargor e adstringência dos vegetais e frutas, causada essencialmente pela interação entre as proantocianidinas e as glicoproteínas presentes na saliva (Skrajad, 2017;Perez-Gregorio et al, 2014).…”

Seed quality analysis of Senna siamea Lam. using image analysis techniques

“…Senna siamea Lam. is a tree of Asian origin adapted to regions with a semi-arid climate and used for medicinal and food purposes (Hassan et al, 2015), to obtain cellulosic ethanol (Mund et al, 2016), and in reforestation and forest restocking programs (Parveen et al, 2010). However, the production of healthy tree seedlings with potential for establishment in the field depends initially on seed quality.…”