Phytochemical Screening of Honey Pineapple Peel Extract and Its Application as an Antibacterial Additive in Dish Soap Formulation

Abstract

<p><a name="_Hlk55556551"></a><span lang="EN-US">This research aims to scientifically develop bioactive compounds from honey pineapple peel and develop a dish soap formulation with extract additives of honey pineapple peel that can be antibacterial. </span><span lang="EN-US">The research was conducted in stages, namely process of extracting honey pineapple peel was carried out by the maceration method using 96% ethanol as a solvent</span><span lang="IN">, p</span><span lang="EN-US">hytochemical screening of the ethanol extract of honey pineapple peel was done to determine the class of compounds contained in the extract</span><span lang="IN">, and a</span><span lang="EN-US">pplication of honey pineapple peel extract in dish soap formulation was to obtain a dish soap formulation with optimal antibacterial activity. Testing the ability of dish soap products to inhibit <em>S. aureus</em> bacteria was performed by the method of filter paper disc diffusion. </span><span lang="EN-US">The results revealed that the ethanol extract of honey pineapple peel contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. The ethanol extract of honey pineapple peel has been applied in a dish soap formulation and tested for the antibacterial activity of <em>S. aureus</em>. Antibacterial test results showed that the dish soap formulation with the addition of 5% pineapple peel extract provided strong antibacterial activity, indicated by a precise zone formation of 12.60 mm</span></p>

Phytochemical Profile and Bioactive Compounds of Pineapple Infused Arak Bali

“…The presence of alkaloid group compounds in the FU sample is possible due to the soaking/maceration of pineapple fruit in Arak Bali during the manufacturing process. This is in accordance with previous studies which stated that alkaloids are a class of secondary metabolite compounds contained in pineapple (Babajide et al, 2013;Hikal et al, 2021;Nurdalilah et al, 2018;Rivera et al, 2022;Rustini et al, 2022;Saleh et al, 2021;Sayago-Ayerdi et al, 2021;VH et al, 2021).…”

“…This is because the soaking/maceration process of the pineapple during the process of making the FU sample allows the tannin compounds to be extracted from the pineapple and dissolved in the pineapple infused Arak Bali. This is consistent with the results of previous studies which proved that pineapple contains various secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, and terpenoids (Babajide et al, 2013;Hikal et al, 2021;Nurdalilah et al, 2018;Rivera et al, 2022;Rustini et al, 2022;Saleh et al, 2021;Sayago-Ayerdi et al, 2021;VH et al, 2021).…”

“…This plant is easy to grow in areas with tropical climates. Various studies have proven that pineapple contains secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, and tannins (Babajide et al, 2013;Hikal et al, 2021;Nurdalilah et al, 2018;Rivera et al, 2022;Rustini et al, 2022;Saleh et al, 2021;Sayago-Ayerdi et al, 2021;VH et al, 2021). The various contents of these secondary metabolites are important factors for the antibacterial activity of pineapple.…”

Valorization of pineapple peels: Production of vinegar enriched with red-Jambo (Syzygium malaccense) leaf extract

“…Such behavior may be related to the complexity of the chemical composition of the pineapple peels. In fact, in addition to the fermentable sugars (glucose, fructose, sucrose) present in the peels, are the high contents of structural polysaccharides (cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin) and lignin 23 , as well as, phenolic compounds, alkaloids, avonoids, tannins and saponins, and other secondary compounds, which reportedly can have antimicrobial potential 24,25 .…”

Pollen available during anthesis of Hylocereus undatus flowers

“…The fruit can have a yellow skin or various shades of pink, with white pulp, there are also some with purple skin and various shades of red and red flesh. Worldwide, it is a functional food, which has promoted the increase in the planted area, since the fruit (pulp and peel) is rich in vitamins, minerals, antioxidants and fiber [3] 4]. Due to its demand for the food and medicine industry, it is considered an export product, strong internal markets for fresh consumption have been developed in Asian countries such as: Vietnam, Taiwan, Thailand, Indonesia, China (among others) as well as in Israel and Canary Islands; in Latin America: Brazil, Costa Rica and Mexico stand out.…”