Phytochemical screening and phytocytotoxic effects of the tropical Myrcia vittoriana (Myrtaceae)

Abstract

We investigated whether essential oil and aqueous and ethanolic extracts from M. vittoriana leaves have phytotoxic effects on the germination and initial development, and cytogenotoxic effects on the cell cycle, of model plants. The essential oil and extracts of M. vittoriana were characterized and used as treatments in phytotoxicity and cytotoxicity tests. The results indicated a reduction in germinative parameters and plant growth, with the higher concentrations of extracts and essential oil having the most evident effects. The cell cycle was also affected with a reduction of the mitotic index and the presence of chromosomal and nuclear alterations. All treatments showed clastogenic and aneugenic modes of action. The results can be associated with the synergistic effects of metabolites found in the extracts and essential oil, mainly the presence of the sesquiterpene germacrene D in the essential oil and of catechins, saponins, and tannins in the extracts. These substances inhibit plant germination and growth, confi rming the phytotoxic effects of M. vittoriana in plant models, which should now be tested under fi eld conditions.

Nanoemulsões De Óleo Essencial De Piper Dilatatum Para Controle Sustentável De Ervas Daninhas

“…O β-cariofileno, exerce uma atividade alelopática que impacta a germinação e o crescimento de diversas ervas daninhas, incluindo B. pilosa (MENDES et al, 2023b). Além disso, o composto majoritário do OE, germacreno D, também pode ter contribuído para os efeitos observados, uma vez que estudos anteriores associaram esse composto à redução do crescimento tanto radicular quanto da parte aérea de plantas (VASCONCELOS et al, 2022). O sinergismo entre os componentes no OE de P. dilatatum podem ter contribuído para os efeitos observados.…”

Síntese E Efeito Fitotóxico De Derivados 1,2,3-Triazólicos Do Glicerol Em Sementes De Lactuca Sativa

“…A germinação das sementes foi realizada em placas de petri de 9 cm de diâmetro, forradas com papel filtro fino, regadas com os tratamentos e lacradas com papel filme. As placas foram acondicionadas em câmara de germinação (BOD) à 24 °C durante o experimento (VASCONCELOS et al, 2022). O experimento foi realizado em quadruplicatas, com 25 sementes por repetição, totalizando 100 sementes por tratamento, seguindo o método de aplicação contínua das soluções teste (ALVES et al, 2021).…”

“…Nesses ensaios biológicos, são examinados os aspectos iniciais do crescimento das plântulas, abrangendo elementos vinculados à germinação e ao desenvolvimento (VASCONCELOS et al, 2022). A análise desses elementos possibilita a avaliação do potencial herbicida dos compostos testados e sugere possíveis aplicações no controle prévio e/ou posterior emergente, direcionando desdobramentos futuros das pesquisas (VALENTE et al, 2022).…”

Phytotoxic, insecticidal, and antimicrobial activities of Ajania tibetica essential oil

“…Most aromatic plants produce a large quantity of EOs, which can kill pests and sterilize or suppress the growth of weeds (Insawang et al, 2019;Saleh et al, 2020;Aungtikun et al, 2021;Sousa et al, 2021). Previous reports have demonstrated that certain EOs can produce phytotoxic activity against plants, affecting their seed germination as well as root and shoot growth of seedlings (Dutra et al, 2020;Vasconcelos et al, 2022), causing changes of their protective enzymes' activity and chlorophyll content (Kong et al, 2021;Han et al, 2021); in addition, the cytotoxicity and aneugenic potential of EOs were evidenced by the reduction of the mitotic index and the presence of chromosomal and nuclear alterations (Singh et al, 2020;Valente et al, 2022). Owing to these properties, some EOs, which are extracted from aromatic plants, have the potential value to be further used as environmentally friendly alternatives to synthesized insecticides, weedicides, or bactericides.…”