Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity of Hippobroma longiflora Extracts

Abstract

This study aims to identify the secondary metabolite compounds and to test the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, and chloroform fraction of Hippobroma longiflora leaves. Extraction was carried out by the maceration method using ethanol. The resulting crude ethanol extract was then partitioned with n-hexane and chloroform. Each extract and fraction was then tested by phytochemical screening. Antioxidant activity testing was carried out using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The phytochemical screening test showed that the ethanol extract contained flavonoids, saponins, triterpenoids, and alkaloids; the n-hexane fraction contained steroids, and alkaloids; and the chloroform fraction contained flavonoids, steroids, and alkaloids. Analysis of the antioxidant activity revealed the following Inhibitory Concentration (IC50 values): 9.57 ppm of ethanol extract, 99.59 ppm of n-hexane fraction, 48.54 ppm of chloroform fraction, and 4.30 ppm of ascorbic acid. Based on these results, the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract was more potential than the n-hexane and chloroform fractions, but smaller than ascorbic acid.

The potency of kitolod leaves (Hipobroma longiflora) as traditional medicine for conjunctivitis during the COVID-19 pandemic: a brief review

“…Haryoto et al, 33 Kitolod leaves extract showed cytotoxic activity with moderate ability on MCF-7 cells Martiningsih et al, 34 The antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of kitolod leaves was more potent than the n-hexane and chloroform fractions, but smaller than ascorbic acid.…”

Analisis kualitatif kandungan senyawa polifenol pada daun herba kitolod (Hippobroma longiflora (L.) G.Don) dan potensi pemanfaatannya sebagai sumber polifenol alami

“…Hal tersebut memperlihatkan bahwa sebagian besar dari keberadaan kitolod sebagai gulma hanya dibuang sebagai limbah hasil penyiangan lahan sehingga pemanfaatannya dinilai belum optimal. Beragam penelitian telah mengkaji potensi dari kitolod yang meliputi adanya aktivitas antioksidan (Martiningsih et al, 2021), antibakteri (Simanjuntak, 2020), antikanker (Hapsari et al, 2016), hingga memiliki aktivitas tabir surya (Savira dan Iskandar, 2020). Aktivitas-aktivitas tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kitolod memiliki potensi yang sangat besar untuk dimanfaatkan secara optimal sebagai sumber tanaman penghasil senyawa polifenol.…”

Sunscreen Activity Determination on Hippobroma Longiflora Leaves Extracts Affected to Differences in Simplicia Treatments and Extraction Techniques

“…A total of 14 types of polyphenols compounds were identified in kitolod leaves and most of the compounds belong to flavonoid groups [5]. Kitolod leaves were known to have strong antioxidant activity and moderate anticancer activity against HeLa cells [6], [7]. Furthermore, strong antibacterial activities were provided by kitolod leaves against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Escherichia coli [8], [9].…”