Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity of Three Medicinal Plants against Urinary Tract Infection Pathogens

Ebana, R. U. B.; Edet, U. O.; Ekanemesang, U; Etok, C. A.; Ikon, Grace Michael; Noble, Michael A.

doi:10.9734/ajmah/2016/29460

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Adams (Asteraceae); Desmodium velutinum (Willd.) DC (Fabaceae) Ethanol and aqueous extract of leaves E. coli , P. aeruginosa , S. aureus [ 56 ] Allium sativum L. (Liliaceae); Cinnamomum verum J. Presl (Lauraceae); Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merrill & Perry (Myrtaceae); Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight & Arn.…”

Section: Botanicals With Anti-uropathogenic Activityunclassified

Natural therapeutics for urinary tract infections—a review

Das

2020

Futur J Pharm Sci

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Background The recurrence of the urinary tract infections (UTI), following the antibiotic treatments suggests the pathogen’s resistance to conventional antibiotics. This calls for the exploration of an alternative therapy. Main body The anti-uropathogenic and bactericidal activity of many plant extracts was reported by many researchers, which involves only preliminary antibacterial studies using different basic techniques like disk diffusion, agar well diffusion, or minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the crude plant extracts, but reports on the specific action of the phytoconstituents against uropathogens are limited. Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton (cranberry) is the best-studied home remedy for UTI. Some evidences suggest that proanthocyanins present in cranberry, prevent bacteria from adhering to the walls of the urinary tract, subsequently blocking the further steps of uropathogenesis. Probiotics such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium are beneficial microorganisms that may act by the competitive exclusion principle to defend against infections in the urogenital tracts. Reports on potential vaccine agents and antibodies targeting the different toxins and effecter proteins are still obscure except uropathogenic E. coli. Conclusion This review highlights some of the medicinal herbs used by aborigines to prevent or treat acute or chronic urinary tract infections, botanicals with established urobactericidal activity, clinical trials undertaken to compare the efficacy of cranberry products in UTI prevention, and other natural therapeutics reported for UTI.

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Section: Botanicals With Anti-uropathogenic Activityunclassified

Natural therapeutics for urinary tract infections—a review

Das

2020

Futur J Pharm Sci

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“…Urinary tract infections may present in several ways including increased and persistent urgency to urinate, painful burning sensations associated with urination, increased frequency of urination, lower volumes for each urinary event, and cloudy and foul smelling urine. Pain in the lower abdomen, back, and pelvic area is also a relatively common symptom of UTIs, especially in women [8]. Occasionally, UTIs may result in blood in the urine, which may present as red-, pink-, or cola-coloured urine.…”

Section: Symptoms Of Urinary Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In younger women, increased sexual activity between the ages of 18 to 39 years of age increases both the incidence of UTIs and the frequency of recurrence [4]. Any region of the urinary tract may become infected, including the kidneys, bladder, urethra, and ureter [8]. When the UTIs occur in the lower regions of the urinary tract, the infection is known as a bladder infection (cystitis).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, uncomplicated infections are generally easier to manage, and treatment with a short course of antibiotics is usually effective. Urinary tract infections in children and males are generally categorised as uncomplicated infections due to their low probability of comorbidities [8]. Notably, complicated UTI-causative pathogens are linked to increased rates of antimicrobial resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Plant-Based Therapies for the Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections in Traditional Southern African Medicine

Cock

Mavuso

Vuuren

2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are amongst the most common bacterial infections globally, with ∼11% of the world’s population contracting at least one infection annually. Several South African plants are used in traditional healing systems to treat UTIs, yet the therapeutic potential of these plants against bacteria that cause UTI remains poorly explored. This study documents southern African plant species used traditionally to treat UTIs. An extensive literature review was undertaken to document the southern African plant species that are used in traditional South African medicine to treat UTIs, thereby highlighting gaps in the current research that require further study. One hundred and fifty-three southern African plant species that are used to treat UTIs were identified. Eighty-five southern African plants were identified as having noteworthy inhibitory activity against the major UTI-causing bacteria. Few of those studies screened against all of the bacterial causes of UTIs, and none of those studies examined the mechanism of action of the plant preparations. Furthermore, many of those studies did not test the toxicity of the plant extracts, so an evaluation of the safety for therapeutic usage was lacking. Substantial further research is to determine their potential for therapeutic use.

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“…Aside from its ornamental usage, this vegetable is also used in different homes for making soups (Djami et al., ) as it is considered to be nutritionally rich (Ghogue, ; Nnamani et al., ). In folk medicine, boiled forms/decoctions of this vegetable are used for different therapeutic uses such as management of diabetes, treatment of body aches and pains, cough, inflammatory/infectious diseases, cough, and others (Djami et al., ; Ebana et al., ; Ghogue, ; Ikezu, Ajiwe, Ilozue, & Chukwukanne, ; Nnamani et al., ). While Nigeria is a country that has abundant natural resources, it does experience occasional food crisis in terms of quantity and quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of processing on the biochemical contents of Acanthus montanus (Nees) T. Anderson (Acanthaceae) leaves

Igwe

Eleazu

2017

Food Science & Nutrition

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The effect of processing on the biochemical contents of Acanthus montanus leaves was investigated. The moisture, crude protein, lipid, fiber, ash, and total carbohydrate contents of the raw vegetable were 59.15, 1.85, 2.32, 3.76, 2.04, and 34.65 g/100 g, respectively. The saponin, alkaloid, tannin, flavonoid, phenol, and anthocyanin contents of the raw vegetable were 5.35, 4.04, 1.10, 3.53, 2.87, and 1.27 g/100 g, respectively, while it contained 2.65 mg/100 g calcium, 1.14 mg/100 g magnesium, 7.66 mg/100 g potassium, 350.75 μg/g vitamin A, 50.87 mg/100 g vitamin C, and 0.25% titratable acidity. There were significant reductions (p < .05) in the protein, lipid, fiber, ash, saponin, alkaloid, tannin, phenol, anthocyanin, calcium, magnesium, potassium, vitamin A, vitamin C, and titratable acidity of the boiled or boiled + sun‐dried A. montanus leaves; significant elevation of the moisture contents but significant reduction of the total carbohydrate contents of the boiled; and significant reduction of the moisture contents of the boiled + sun‐dried vegetable compared with the raw. There were significant increases (p < .05) in the total carbohydrate contents of the boiled + sun‐dried leaves; significant reductions (p < .05) in the moisture, saponin, alkaloid, and vitamins A and C contents of the sun‐dried vegetable; and no significant differences (p > .05) in the lipid, calcium, potassium, and ash, but significant increases (p < .05) in the protein, crude fiber, total carbohydrates, tannins, flavonoids, phenols, anthocyanin, magnesium, and titratable acidity of the sun‐dried vegetable when compared with the raw. Sun drying alone either retained or enhanced the release of some important bioactive compounds in A. montanus leaves. Furthermore, the reduced moisture content of the sun‐dried vegetable together with its increased titratable acidity will make the sun‐dried vegetable uninhabitable for microorganisms, thereby increasing its shelf life.

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Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity of Three Medicinal Plants against Urinary Tract Infection Pathogens

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Natural therapeutics for urinary tract infections—a review

Natural therapeutics for urinary tract infections—a review

A Review of Plant-Based Therapies for the Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections in Traditional Southern African Medicine

Effect of processing on the biochemical contents of Acanthus montanus (Nees) T. Anderson (Acanthaceae) leaves

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