Phytochemical Profiling of Flavonoids, Phenolic Acids, Terpenoids, and Volatile Fraction of a Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Extract

Abstract

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the phytochemical profile of a proprietary rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) extract rich in carnosic acid. A characterization of the (poly)phenolic and volatile fractions of the extract was carried out using mass spectrometric techniques. The (poly)phenolic composition was assessed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS n ) and a total of 57 compounds were tentatively identified and quantified, 14 of these being detected in rosemary extract for the first time. The rosemary extract contained 24 flavonoids (mainly flavones, although flavonols and flavanones were also detected), 5 phenolic acids, 24 diterpenoids (carnosic acid, carnosol, and rosmanol derivatives), 1 triterpenoid (betulinic acid), and 3 lignans (medioresinol derivatives). Carnosic acid was the predominant phenolic compound. The volatile profile of the rosemary extract was evaluated by head space solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) linked to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Sixty-three volatile molecules (mainly terpenes, alcohols, esters, aldehydes, and ketones) were identified. This characterization extends the current knowledge on the phytochemistry of Rosmarinus officinalis and is, to our knowledge, the broadest profiling of its secondary metabolites to date. It can assist in the authentication of rosemary extracts or rosemary-containing products or in testing its bioactivity. Moreover, this methodological approach could be applied to the study of other plant-based food ingredients.

Preservative effects of rosemary extract (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) on quality and storage stability of chicken meat patties

“…However, different composition of this Jordanian cultivated oil of Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Lamiaceae) by these phenolic compounds may give unique antioxidant activity. The essential oil and RE composition of these phenolic compounds (mono or di-terpenes) has been reported in a variable % which associated with several other factors such as genetic, storage condition, extraction method (Mena et al, 2016). On addition, it was reported in several study that the level of using RE or their essential oil in the food need more investigation (Kahraman et al, 2015).…”

Protective effects of carnosic acid against mitochondria‑mediated injury in H9c2 cardiomyocytes induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation

“…1) that has been identified as the major bioactive phytochemical in numerous medicinal plants, including Rosmarinus officinalis (8), Salvia fruticosa (9) and Ocimum sanctum (10). Previous pharmacological studies have demonstrated that carnosic acid affords various biological activities, such as neuroprotection (11), prevention of advanced glycation end-product formation (12), attenuation of Alzheimer's disease (13), anticancer activity (14), anti-inflammation (15) and renoprotection (16).…”

Quantitation of Flavonoids in Barks of Selected Taxa of Combretaceae

“…TFC-mg of RU/g of dry hydro methanolic extract. Terminalia species of Combretaceae contains the highest flavonoid content compared to Anogeissus species and combretum albidum ( In a recent study, Flavonoid compounds have been isolated characterized by ultra-high performance liquid chromatographyelectrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS) [15]. Flavonoid has been used as chemotaxonomic markers in the genus Drosera [16].…”