Phytochemical profiling and neuroprotective activity of Callistemon subulatus leaves against cyclophosphamide-induced chemobrain

Quercetin increases the antidepressant‐like effects of sclareol and antagonizes diazepam in thiopental sodium‐induced sleeping mice: A possible GABAergic transmission intervention

“…In vivo research does this by carrying out studies in increasingly more complex animal models. There are stringent guidelines for data collecting, monitoring, and accuracy in pre‐clinical in vivo research because the end objective is to provide authorized medicines for people (Rabie et al, 2023). Numerous in vivo studies have demonstrated that quercetin can effectively treat depression by acting on a variety of sites, supporting the antidepressant efficacy of the compound (Chen et al, 2022).…”

Genus Pimenta: An Updated Comprehensive Review on Botany, Distribution, Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry and Biological Approaches

“…[52] P. guatemalensis leaf oil also consists of high percentages of eugenol (72.8 %), additionally mono-and sesquiterpenes are also present such as terpinolene ( 58) and β-caryophyllene (41). Chaverri et al also analysed the fruit oil and found it to be rich in eugenol (24) as well (74.7 %) along with vanillin (28) (0.7 %), coniferaldehyde (27) (0.3 %) and (E)-coniferyl alcohol (59) (0.2 %), and traces of safrole ( 60) and (E)-isoeugenol (38); thus resembling the oil of P. dioica fruit. [38] P. jamaicensis leaf oil, similar to P. dioica contains a large amount of eugenol (6) but it more uniquely has a high content of limonene (51) (5.19-10.35 %), α-terpineol (45) (0.34-18.02 %), p-cymene (61) (2.16-10.35 %) and 1,8-cineole (17) (2.89-49.43 %) as well.…”

“…P. dioica berries were studied and found to contain eugenol (24), as well 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propane-1,2-diol (25); 3,4-dimethoxycinnamaldehyde (26); 4-hydroxy-3-meth- [50]…”

“…[22] The most abundant terpenes are eucalyptol (36) 43 %, myrcene (37) 35 %, isoeugenol (38) 8 % and α-ocimene (39) 4 %. [48] The oil generally consists of mono/sesqui-terpenes and phenylpropanoids: eugenol (24), methyl eugenol (40), myrcene (37) and 1,8-cineole (36). [4] More specifically the leaf oil of Cuban P. dioica consists majorly of eugenol ( 24), a phenyl propanoid, reaching up to 79.2 %, lesser amounts of mono-terpene are also present including 1,8-cineole (36) (1.1-4.6 %) and the sesquiterpeneoids β-caryophyllene (41) (1-8.7 %), αhumulene (42) (1.0-3.9 %) and caryophyllene oxide (43) (0.2-1.8 %).…”

“…[22] Likewise, the leaf oil was used internally for stomach pains, and externally for skin complaints, while the bark demonstrated remarkable antischistosomal activity. [23,24] P. racemosa shares a lot of its traditional uses with P. dioica, it has analgesic, digestive and antiseptic properties for rheumatism, fever, diarrhea, pectoral angina, stroke and toothache; the seeds specifically are infused in water and used as a stimulant and reportedly the leaves were used as antismoking therapy. [4,25] Several classes of phytochemical compounds were isolated from Pimenta plants, mainly tannins, saponins, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, terpenoids, and essential oils.…”