Phytochemical Profiles and Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of the Leaves ofZanthoxylum bungeanum

Abstract

The ethanol crude extracts (ECE) and their subfractions from Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves were prepared and their phytochemical profiles and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were investigated. Moreover, the effective HPLC procedure for simultaneous quantification of twelve compounds in Z. bungeanum leaves was established. The correlation between the phytochemicals and antioxidant activity was also discussed. The ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) had the highest total phenolic (97.29 mmol GAE/100 g) and flavonoid content (67.93 mmol QE/100 g), while the greatest total alkaloid content (4.39 mmol GAE/100 g) was observed in the chloroform fraction (CF). Twelve compounds were quantified by RP-HPLC assay. EAF exhibited the highest content of quercitrin, kaempferol-3-rhamnoside, quercetin, sesamin, and nitidine chloride (125.21, 54.95, 24.36, 26.24, and 0.20 mg/g); acetone fraction (AF) contained the highest content of chlorogenic acid, rutin, hyperoside, and trifolin (5.87, 29.94, 98.33, and 31.24 mg/g), while kaempferol-3-rhamnoside, xanthyletin, and sesamin were rich in CF. EAF and AF exhibited significant DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging abilities and reducing power (FRAP), whereas CF exhibited significant antifungal activity. Moreover, EAF also showed stronger antibacterial activity. In conclusion, Z. bungeanum leaves have health benefits when consumed and could be served as an accessible source for production of functional food ingredients and medicinal exploration.

Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oil and leaf extracts of Zanthoxylum caribaeum Lam. against serotypes of Salmonella

“…In the literature, wasn't found studies regarding the antimicrobial activity of the plant extracts of Z. caribaeum against the serotypes of Salmonella. However, Zhang et al (2014) reported the antimicrobial potencial whitin the genus against Gramnegative bacteria. According to the autors, ethanolic extract, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanolic of Zanthoxylum bungeanum showed MIC of 4.61 mg.mL , respectively, against the strain E. coli, corroborating with our study.…”

Simultaneous Enrichment and Separation of Four Flavonoids from Zanthoxylum bungeanum Leaves by Ultrasound‐Assisted Extraction and Macroporous Resins with Evaluation of Antioxidant Activities

“…In addition, leaves of Z. bungeanum are worthy of research because they also contain polyphenols and flavonoids with high antioxidant activity and can be used as a food additive (Li et al, 2015;Yang, Li, Tan, & Jiang, 2013). In our previous studies, according to the results of the structureactivity relationship of nine flavonoids from Z. bungeanum leaves (Zhang, Wang, Yang, Zhou, & Zhang, 2014b) and the correlation between the chromatographic fingerprint and antioxidant activity of the 22 subsequent fractions of Z. bungeanum leaves ethanol extracts (Zhang, Luo, Wang, He, & Li, 2014a;Zhang, Luo, & Wang, 2015), it was found that quercitrin, hyperoside, rutin, and afzelin were the dominant flavonoids, which played a major role in antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Furthermore, hyperoside from Z. bungeanum leaves also exerts many bioactivities, such as antiproliferative effects against SW620 and antihyperglycemic and hepatocyte-protective effects (Zhang, Wang, Dong, Yu, & Zhang, 2017).…”

The effect of Zanthoxylum bungeanum maxim extract on crow's feet: A double‐blind, split‐face trial

“…However, in our study, the ZBM extract containing sanshool relax the facial muscles, we suppose the different effects are dose dependent with ionotropic mechanisms. Other constituents of the ZBM extract, such as flavonoids and polysaccharide, exhibit good antioxidant activities (Li, Zhou, Mou, & Mao, ; Zhang, Luo, et al, ; Zhang, Wang, et al, ) but their contribution to its anti‐wrinkle property may be weak.…”

“…In addition, ZBM is used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of abdominal pain, dyspepsia, parasitosis, and eczema. Recent studies have revealed the many pharmacological effects of ZBM, including antibacterial, anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective and anti‐ wrinkles (Artaria, Maramaldi, Bonfigli, Rigano, & Appendino, ; Tang et al, ; Yang et al, ; Zhang, Luo, et al, ).…”