Phytochemical Investigation of Male and Female Hedyosmum scabrum (Ruiz & Pav.) Solms Leaves from Ecuador

Abstract

This article reports the chemical composition of the essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of male and female H. scabrum fresh leaves. The essential oils, HSMO and HSFO, respectively, were analyzed by GC/MS and GC-FID. A total of 93 components were detected, accounting for 94.8% and 95.3% of HSMO and HSFO, respectively. The prevalent constituents of HSMO were pinocarvone (13.1%), d-germacren-4-ol (12.6%), 1,8-cineole (10.8%), α-pinene (6.4%), and β-pinene (4.8%), whereas the major components of HSFO were 1,8-cineole (20.5%), linalool (16.5%), α-pinene (15.0%), β-pinene (6.4%), and sabinene (6.3%). The different enantiomeric distribution of β-pinene, sabinene, limonene, linalool in the two oils, was determined. The non-volatile esters of p-coumaric and ferulic acids with borneol (1 and 4), cis-chrysanthenol (2 and 5), and cis-pinocarveol (3 and 6) were identified in the leaves after basic hydrolysis and analysis of the NMR spectra of the free acids, and GC/MS spectra of the monoterpene alcohols, respectively. Compounds 2, 3, 5, and 6 have been found in nature for the first time. These findings demonstrated that, from a chemical point of view, male and female individuals of H. scabrum collected in Ecuador seem quite differentiated between each other and from samples of the same species growing in Bolivia and in Peru.

Chemical and Enantioselective Analysis of the Leaf Essential Oil from Piper coruscans Kunth (Piperaceae), a Costal and Amazonian Native Species of Ecuador

“…Among the natural products the authors are interested in, we can cite essential oils (EOs) [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. According to the European Pharmacopeia, an EO is an “odorous product, usually of complex composition, obtained from a botanically defined plant raw material by steam distillation, dry distillation, or a suitable mechanical process without heating.…”

Chemical Composition, Enantiomeric Distribution, and Sensory Evaluation of the Essential Oils Distilled from the Ecuadorian Species Myrcianthes myrsinoides (Kunth) Grifo and Myrcia mollis (Kunth) DC. (Myrtaceae)

“…As part of a project aiming to valorize Ecuadorian spontaneous flora [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25], the chemical composition and sensory profile of Myrcianthes myrsinoides (Kunth) Grifo and Myrcia mollis (Kunth) DC essential oils (EOs) are here reported for the first time. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and enantioselective GC-MS were used for the quali-quantitative analysis, and GC-olfactometry (GC-O) to evaluate the odor active compounds.…”

A Novel Chemical Profile of a Selective In Vitro Cholinergic Essential Oil from Clinopodium taxifolium (Kunth) Govaerts (Lamiaceae), a Native Andean Species of Ecuador

“…For this reason, the authors have been involved for years in the description of specialized (secondary) metabolites contained in the Ecuadorian flora, to contribute to the advance in its phytochemical and phytopharmaceutical knowledge [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Within a project focused on the description of new essential oils (EOs) [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ], the aim of this study is to describe a novel chemical profile of an already known EO, distilled from the aerial parts of Clinopodium taxifolium (Kunth) Govaerts. Clinopodium taxifolium (Kunth) Govaerts is a species belonging to the family Lamiaceae, also known with many synonyms, such as Gardoquia taxifolia Kunth, Satureja andrei Epling, Satureja taxifolia (Kunth) Briq., Gardoquia glabrata Kunth, Thymus taxifolius Willd.…”