Phytochemical Constituents and Biological Activities of Melicope lunu-ankenda

Abstract

Natural products, either pure compounds or standardized plant extracts, have provided opportunities for the discovery of new drugs. Nowadays, most of the world’s population still relies on traditional medicines for healthcare purposes. Plants, in particular, are always used as traditional medicine, as they contain a diverse number of phytochemicals that can be used for the treatment of diseases. The multicomponent feature in the plants is considered a positive phytotherapeutic hallmark. Hence, ethnopharmacognosy has been the focus for finding alternative treatments for diseases. Melicope lunu-ankenda, also known as Euodia lunu-ankenda, is widely distributed in tropical regions of Asia. Different parts of M. lunu-ankenda have been used for treatment of hypertension, menstrual disorder, diabetes, and fever, and as an emmenagogue and tonic. It has also been consumed as salad and as a condiment for food flavorings. The justification of use of M. lunu-ankenda in folk medicines is supported by its reported biological activities, including its cytotoxic, antibacterial, antioxidant, analgesic, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities. This review summarizes the phytochemical compounds isolated from various parts of M. lunu-ankenda, such as root and leaves, and also its biological activities, which could make the species a new therapeutic agent for some diseases, including diabetes, in the future.

In Silico Identification of the Potential Natural Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Guanine-N7 Methyltransferase.

“…Marmesin can be found in mango and wheat [88]. Its inhibitory activity against the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been reported [89] It is recommended that the inhibitory effect of Crinamidine, Sinensetin and Marmesin on the active site of SARS-CoV-2 GNMT should be further investigated. Tables Table 1: Chemo-informatic properties of standard and lead compounds Table 2: Pharmacokinetic properties of standard and lead compounds Table 3: Molecular docking scores of ligands against SARS-CoV-2 GNMT Table 4: Hydrogen bond analysis of SARS-CoV-2 GNMT with standard and lead compounds…”

Neuroprotective Potential of Secondary Metabolites from Melicope lunu-ankenda (Rutaceae)

“…Such pharmacological properties are important in AD management [7]. Scopoletin, 6-deoxyhaplopinol, marmesin, melilunumarin A (7-(4-hydroxy-3-methylbutoxy) coumarin), melilunumarin B (7-(3-methoxycarbonylbutoxy) coumarin), umbelliferone, bergapten are coumarins isolated from M. lunu-ankenda [4]. Scopoletin, esculetin and umbelliferone are coumarins that have been demonstrated to have antioxidant activities [55].…”

“…M. lunu-ankenda is widely used as a medicinal plant with its leaves usually consumed as food seasoning and salad. It has also been used to treat hypertension, diabetes mellitus, fever, menstrual disorders, and as a tonic [3,4]. Previous studies have isolated anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and immunomodulatory compounds from M. lunu-ankenda leaves [5].…”

Neuroprotective Effects of 7-Geranyloxycinnamic Acid from Melicope lunu ankenda Leaves

“…Phytochemicals have been used to alleviate and treat symptoms of neuronal disorders; some of these exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects [13,14]. A number of secondary metabolites have been isolated from Melicope lunu-ankenda (Rutaceae), known locally in Malaysia as "tenggek burung" [15,16], such as polyphenols including hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives and hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives [17]. Polyphenols, including phenolic acids, have been demonstrated to exert neuroprotective activity through the prevention of protein oxidation, ROS generation and lipid peroxidation as well as anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory activities [18][19][20].…”