Phytochemical Compositions and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from the Leaves, Rhizomes and Whole Plant of Hornstedtia bella Škorničk

Abstract

The rapid emergence of drug-resistant strains and novel viruses have motivated the search for new anti-infectious agents. In this study, the chemical compositions and cytotoxicity, as well as the antibacterial, antifungal, antitrichomonas, and antiviral activities of essential oils from the leaves, rhizomes, and whole plant of Hornstedtia bella were investigated. The GC/MS analysis showed that β-pinene, E-β-caryophyllene, and α-humulene were found at high concentrations in the essential oils. The essential oils exhibited (i) inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum lethal concentration (MLC) values from 1 to 4% (v/v); (ii) MIC and MLC values from 2 to 16% (v/v) in Candida tropicalis and Candida parapsilosis; (iii) MIC and MLC values from 4 to 16% in Enterococcus faecalis; and (iv) MIC and MLC values from 8 to greater than or equal to 16% (v/v) in the remaining strains, including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Candida albicans, and Candida glabrata. In antitrichomonas activity, the leaves and whole-plant oils of Hornstedtia bella possessed IC50, IC90, and MLC values of 0.008%, 0.016%, and 0.03% (v/v), respectively, whilst those of rhizomes oil had in turn, 0.004%, 0.008%, and 0.016% (v/v).Besides, the leaf oil showed a weak cytotoxicity against Vero 76 and MRC-5; meanwhile, rhizomes and whole-plant oils did not exert any toxic effects on cell monolayers. Finally, these oils were not active against EV-A71.

Wound Healing Effect of Acokanthera schimperi Schweinf (Apocynaceae) Methanol Leaf Extract Ointment in Mice and Its in-vitro Antioxidant Activity

“…The increase in tensile strength is associated with an increase in collagen production and maturation, matrix deposition, and cell migration, which are attributable to the potent antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities of the bioactive constituents as explained in various studies. 32 , 38 , 39 This finding is further supported by studies done on other Acokanthera species. As evidence, the leaf extract of Acokanthera oppositifolia showed good anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and analgesic activities.…”

Anacyclus pyrethrum var. pyrethrum (L.) and Anacyclus pyrethrum var. depressus (Ball) Maire: Correlation between Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents with Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Chemically Characterized Extracts

“…Morphinan-6-one and 4,5α-epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methyl have analgesic activities [ 45 , 46 ]. Each component may represent different mechanisms of action, whether it reacts individually or synergizes with another, ultimately resulting in many effective therapeutic properties of extracts [ 47 ]. The richness of the studied extract in different chemical compounds with numerous activities as reported in the earlier literature could justify the results obtained in terms of antioxidant and antibacterial activities as described in the present work.…”

Biological activities of essential oil extracted from leaves of Atalantia sessiflora Guillauminin Vietnam

“…To this end, plant-based products are of great interest for the treatment of T. vaginalis and other parasites attributed to relatively similar therapeutic proficiency and high safety profile. Up to now, a limited number of essential oils have been tested in vitro on T.vaginalis, including [44,[54][55][56][57][58]. Among them, Ocimum basilicum shows one of the most efficient antitrichomonas activity, with 100% inhibition of of parasitic growth at a concentration of 30 mg/ml after 24 h of incubation [59].In the present work,the authors demonstrated that essential oil of A. sessiflora display a very good inhibitory effect on T. vaginalis, with IC50 value of 0.016% (v/v) after 48 hours, corresponding to 120 µg/ml.…”