phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of Terminalia muelleri and Terminalia myriocarpa

Abstract

The present study was carried out to investigate the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of two Terminalia species (T. muelleri and T. myriocarpa). Antioxidant activity of the two Terminalia extracts was evaluated in vitro using DPPH, FRAP, and total phenolic content using rutin, iron sulfate, and gallic acid as reference materials. Polyphenol compounds of the two Terminalia leaves were investigated using HPLC and HPLC-MS/MS. It was shown that the two species leaves exhibited high antioxidant activity. The polyphenols content of T. muelleri and T. myriocapa are 0.19 and 0.155 mg equivalent of gallic acid/mg crude extract respectively. HPLC analysis of the two extracts revealed that the phenolic acids in T. muelleri and T. myriocarpa are predominantly in the free form. The main compounds are cinnamic acid and gallic acid in all analytical fractions of both Terminalia species. LCMS/MS analysis of the ethyl acetate extracts of the two species identified the following flavonoid compounds such as rutin, quercetin, methyl gallate, and cafoylacetylhexoside in T. muelleri while rutin, quercetin, epigallocatechin gallate, and myricetin were identified in T. myriocarpa. The antioxidant activity observed by the examined extracts may be attributed to the high amount of polyphenols. These results support the medicinal and pharmaceutical importance of Terminalia species.

Terminalia muelleri Attenuates the Accumulation of Excess Iron, Inhibition of Topoisomerase 2ß and Oxidative Cardiac Damage in Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats

“…Due to its exceptional phytochemistry and strong antioxidant content, Terminalia muelleri has received a lot of attention (Bernstein et al, 2005). Numerous types of active components, including tannins, pentacyclic triterpenes and their glycoside derivatives, flavonoids, and other phenolic compounds, were found in phytochemical research on Terminalia muelleri (Fahmy et al, 2015;Rashed and Barreto, 2017;Elmalah et al, 2022). A major obstacle to be taken into account when choosing a cardio-protective drug to combat DOX-induced cardiotoxicity is the concurrent assessment of this agent's anticancer activity (Wenningmann et al, 2019).…”

“…Elsenosi et al (2019) supported the antiproliferative mechanisms of T. muelleri phytochemicals in the prevention of tumorigenesis in rats caused by diethyl nitrosamine (DENA) revealing a significant decrease in the immune-histochemical staining expression of Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) following administration of T. muelleri extract. Additionally, Elmalah et al (2022) noted that the mitigation of inflammation, oxidative stress, and extracellular matrix proteolysis in hepatocellular carcinoma induced in rats was made by Terminalia mulleri leave extract that could be a more valuable as an anticancer adjuvant agent. Since doxorubicin causes cardiac oxidative damage, we hypothesize that Terminalia muelleri ethanol extract (TME) may offer a protective and relieving activity that could be a promising therapeutic potential.…”