Phytochemical characterization of Borago officinalis L. and Centaurea cyanus L. during flower development

Fernandes, Luana; Pereira, José Alberto; Saraiva, Jorge A.; Ramalhosa, Elsa; Casal, Susana

doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2019.05.014

Cited by 40 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Similarly, Erdogan et al [87] and Tekeli et al [88,89] studied the aerial parts of various endemic to Turkey Centaurea species and reported a significant variation in the fatty acids profile. Finally, apart from leaves the flowers of some Centaurea species are edible presenting a different fatty acids profile compared to leaves [90,91]. In our study, wild plants contained higher amounts of n-3 fatty acids (α-linolenic acid) than n-6 fatty acids (linoleic acid) compared to cultivated ones which were characterized by a balance between these two types of important dietary fats.…”

Section: Fatty Acids Compositionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Wild and Cultivated Centaurea raphanina subsp. mixta: A Valuable Source of Bioactive Compounds

et al. 2020

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Centaurea raphanina subsp. mixta (DC.) Runemark is a wild edible species endemic to Greece. This study evaluated the chemical composition and bioactive properties of wild and cultivated C. raphanina subsp. mixta plants. Wild plants had higher nutritional value than cultivated ones, whereas cultivated plants contained more tocopherols. Glucose and sucrose were higher in cultivated plants and trehalose in wild ones. Oxalic and total organic acids were detected in higher amounts in cultivated samples. The main fatty acids were α-linolenic, linoleic and palmitic acid, while wild plants were richer in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Two pinocembrin derivatives were the main phenolic compounds being detected in higher amounts in wild plants. Regarding the antioxidant activity, wild and cultivated plants were more effective in the oxidative haemolysis (OxHLIA) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assays, respectively. Moreover, both extracts showed moderate cytotoxicity in non-tumor cell lines (PLP2), while cultivated plants were more effective against cervical carcinoma (HeLa), breast carcinoma (MCF-7) and non-small lung cancer (NCI-H460) cell lines. Finally, wild plants showed higher antimicrobial activity than cultivated plants against specific pathogens. In conclusion, the cultivation of C. raphanina subsp. mixta showed promising results in terms of tocopherols content and antiproliferative effects, however further research is needed to decrease oxalic acid content.

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Section: Fatty Acids Compositionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Wild and Cultivated Centaurea raphanina subsp. mixta: A Valuable Source of Bioactive Compounds

et al. 2020

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“…So far, there are several reports that refer to the chemical composition and bioactive properties of Centaurea species, most of which study wild plants collected from their natural environments [18,[29][30][31][32]. The most interesting compounds reported in this genus are sesquiterpene lactones [33,34], while it also contains phenolic compounds [30,35], tocopherols [36] and fatty acids [37,38]. Centaurea raphanina subsp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Composition and Plant Growth of Centaurea raphanina subsp. mixta Plants Cultivated under Saline Conditions

et al. 2020

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The aim of this report was to study the effect of salinity (control: 2dS/m, S1: 4 dS/m and S2: 6 dS/m) and harvest time (first harvest on 9 May 2018 and second harvest on 19 April 2018) on the growth and the chemical composition of Centaurea raphanina subsp. mixta plants. The plants of the first harvest were used for the plant growth measurements (fresh weight and moisture content of leaves, rosette diameter, number and thickness of leaves), whereas those of the second harvest were not used for these measurements due to the flowering initiation, which made the leaves unmarketable due to their hard texture. The results of our study showed that C. raphanina subsp. mixta plants can be cultivated under mild salinity (S1 treatment) conditions without severe effects on plant growth and yield, since a more severe loss (27.5%) was observed for the S2 treatment. In addition, harvest time proved to be a cost-effective cultivation practice that allows to regulate the quality of the final product, either in edible form (first harvest) or for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical purposes as well as antimicrobial agents in food products. Therefore, the combination of these two agronomic factors showed interesting results in terms of the quality of the final product. In particular, high salinity (S2 treatment) improved the nutritional value by increasing the fat, proteins and carbohydrates contents in the first harvest, as well as the tocopherols and sugars contents (S1 and S2 treatments, respectively) in the second harvest. In addition, salinity and harvest time affected the oxalic acid content which was the lowest for the S2 treatment at the second harvest. Similarly, the richest fatty acid (α-linolenic acid) increased with increasing salinity at the first harvest. Salinity and harvest time also affected the antimicrobial properties, especially against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Trichoderma viride, where the extracts from the S1 and S2 treatments showed high effectiveness. In contrast, the highest amounts of flavanones (pinocembrin derivatives) were detected in the control treatment (second harvest), which was also reflected to the highest antioxidant activity (TBARS) for the same treatment. In conclusion, C. raphanina subsp. mixta plants seem to be tolerant to medium salinity stress (S1 treatment) since plant growth was not severely impaired, while salinity and harvesting time affected the nutritional value (fat, proteins, and carbohydrates) and the chemical composition (tocopherols, sugars, oxalic acid, fatty acids), as well as the bioactive properties (cytotoxicity and antimicrobial properties) of the final product.

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“…Based on the GC-MS literature data, an analysis of the phytochemical composition of knapweeds growing wild in the Russian Federation was carried out. The complete set of studies included ultraviolet, infrared spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), chromatography–mass spectrometry, and 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for only one species – Centaurea scabiosa L. For cornflower and brown knapweed, studies of the phytochemical composition were performed mainly using the HPLC method on plants growing in Germany [ 9 ], Turkey [ 29 , 30 ], and Portugal [ 31 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Assessment of the Phytochemical Composition and Biological Activity of Extracts of Flowering Plants of Centaurea cyanus L., Centaurea jacea L. and Centaurea scabiosa L.

Sharonova

Nikitin

Terenzhev

et al. 2021

Plants

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The data on the phytochemical composition and biological activity for flowering plant extracts of the genus Centaurea (Knapweed)—cornflower (Centaurea cyanus L.), brown knapweed (Centaurea jacea L.), and greater knapweed (Centaurea scabiosa L.), which are typical representatives of the flora in the middle belt of the Russian Federation, were obtained. For the first time, biologically active substances such as pyranone, coumaran (2,3-dihydrobenzofuran), and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural were identified in ethanol and methanol extracts of Centaurea scabiosa L. by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Catechol and α-amyrin were the major components of the ethanol extract from Centaurea cyanus L., and flavone was the major component of Centaurea jacea L. flower extract. The greatest antimicrobial activity against phytopathogens was detected in Centaurea scabiosa L. when extracting freshly harvested flower biomass with methyl tert-butyl ether at room temperature: the minimum inhibitory concentrations were 60–120 µg/mL, the minimum fungicidal concentration was 120 µg/mL, and the minimum bactericidal concentration was 250 µg/mL. The low antioxidant activity of the studied plant extracts was established using the maximum values of Centaurea jacea L. Ethanol extract of Centaurea cyanus L. flowers had low antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. The extracts showed no phytotoxicity to garden cress germination but inhibited the growth of juvenile plants, especially roots. The greatest phytotoxic effect was revealed with methyl tert-butyl ether, where the depression of growth indicators was 35% or more.

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Phytochemical characterization of Borago officinalis L. and Centaurea cyanus L. during flower development

Cited by 40 publications

References 44 publications

Wild and Cultivated Centaurea raphanina subsp. mixta: A Valuable Source of Bioactive Compounds

Wild and Cultivated Centaurea raphanina subsp. mixta: A Valuable Source of Bioactive Compounds

Chemical Composition and Plant Growth of Centaurea raphanina subsp. mixta Plants Cultivated under Saline Conditions

Comparative Assessment of the Phytochemical Composition and Biological Activity of Extracts of Flowering Plants of Centaurea cyanus L., Centaurea jacea L. and Centaurea scabiosa L.

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