Phytochemical Characterization and Biological Activities of Nepeta cadmea Boiss.

Abstract

The genus Nepeta (Lamiaceae) is represented by 39 species, in total 50 taxa, 19 of which are endemic, in Turkey. Nepeta species are known as "kedinanesi" in Turkish and has many traditional usages such as antispasmodic, diuretic, antiseptic, antitussive, and antiasthmatic activities. The aerial parts of N. cadmea were hydrodistillated for 3 hours by using Clevenger apparatus to gather essential oil. To determine its chemical characterization, the essential oil was analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS, simultaneously. 4aα,7α,7aβ-Nepetalactone (74.0%), 4aα,7α,7aα-nepetalactone (4.5%) and caryophyllene oxide (2.5%) were found as major components for essential oil. The potential in vitro antibacterial activity of the essential oil was evaluated using the broth microdilution assay. A panel of human pathogenic strains Escherichia coli NRRL B-3008, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 13311, Bacillus cereus NRRL B-3711 and Streptococcus sanguinis ATCC 10556 were used. Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) of the samples were determined, where in ciprofloxacin was used as a positive control in the assay. MIC values were found 2500, 1000, 600, 600, 600 μg/mL against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. typhimurium, B. cereus and S. sanguinis, respectively. Compared the literature, it was seen that the essential oil had lower effective against these strains.

Comparative Effect of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Potential of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Aqueous Extract of Nepeta nepetella through Different Precursor Concentrations

“…Additionally, this species might be used in diverse manners to address either the same or various ailments, reflecting the rich tapestry of traditional knowledge and practices surrounding medicinal plants [ 17 ]. These plant species possess antibacterial [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ], antifungal [ 22 ], antioxidant [ 23 , 24 , 25 ], anti-nociceptive, and anti-inflammatory [ 26 , 27 , 28 ] activity, as well as insecticidal, anti-leishmania, anti-malarial, and anti-melanogenesis activity [ 17 ]. The phytochemical composition of Nepeta nepetella subps.…”

Nepeta italica L. subsp. cadmea (Boiss.) A. L. Budantsev Oil Has a Pro-Apoptotic Effect on Saos-2 Cell Line

“…There are about 300 species of this genus, most of them are aromatic (Acar et al, 2011;Formisano et al, 2011). It is represented by 39 species, 19 of which are endemic with a total of 50 taxa (Yılmaz et al, 2020). It spreads throughout the world, generally includes perennial plants (Sarikurkcu et al, 2019).…”

“…The endemic species N. cadmea Boiss. is a herbaceous, perennial, generally aromatic plant rich in essential oil content (Yılmaz et al, 2020). It is distributed in Western, Southern and Southwestern Anatolian regions of Turkey (Dirmenci, 2003).…”