Phytochemical and pharmacological activities of methanol extract of Artemisia vulgaris L. leaves

Abstract

Background Artemisia vulgaris commonly known as “mugwort” is a very important medicinal plant which is used widely for the treatment of various ailments traditionally. The present studies aimed to conduct preliminary phytochemical screening and evaluate antioxidants and analgesic activities of leaves extract. Results Phytochemical screening showed the presence of saponins, glycosides, flavanoids, protein, triterpenoids in leaves extract. In DPPH, percentage inhibition of the scavenging activity (68.06%) by the extract in comparison with ascorbic acid (93.53%) at 60 μg/ml while in reducing power assay, the result shown the reducing power increases with the increase of concentration as (0.13 ± 0.02), (0.27 ± 0.03), (0.42 ± 0.03), (0.62 ± 0.05), (0.79 ± 0.02), (0.95 ± 0.05) at concentration of 5, 10, 15, 30, 60 and 100 μg/ml respectively. The evaluation of analgesic activities revealed that at the dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg of the extract showed significantly inhibited the writhing response induced by acetic acid by 8.60% and 32.03% comparatively with indomethacin at a dose of 10 mg/kg b. wt. exhibited 56.87% inhibition. Whereas, in the tail immersion methods, at the dose of 400 mg/kg b. wt. was showed higher deflexion value as 3.40 ± 0.300, while 200 mg/kg b. wt. was resulted at 2.90 ± 0.200 value in dose dependent manner at the maximum time of the studies (60 min). Comparatively, the reference drug indomethacin at dose 10 mg/kg b. wt. has shown the highest deflexion value (5.134 ± 0.351). Conclusion This finding concludes that the methanolic leaves extract has a potent antioxidants and analgesic activities and it could be attributed to the presence of flavonoids, triterpenoids, saponin, glycosides and proteins. A further study is required to find out the novel bioactive compound of Artemisia vulgaris L. which can lead more effective in various biological activities.

Artemisia vulgaris Linn: an updated review on its multiple biological activities

“…Table 4 lists the many chemical constituent structures of the plant [27,38,40,41]. The aerial parts contain carbohydrates (40%), amino acids, phenolic compounds (9.8%), protein (2.9%), triterpenoids, steroids, glycosides, saponins and flavonoids [42,43]. Twenty known flavonoids, namely apigenin, eriodictyol, chrysoberyl, eupafolin, eriodictyol, homoeriodictyol, isorhamnetin, jaceosidin, diosmetin, luteolin, luteolin 7-glucoside, kaempferol 3-glucoside, kaempferol 7-glucoside, kaempferol 3-rhamnoside, kaempferol 3-rutinoside, quercetrin, quercetin 3-glucoside, quercetin 3-galactoside, rutin, tacrine and vitexin, are observed [3].…”

“…The main components are artinnium b, artemisia ketone, D-fructose, 1, 8-cenol, D-limonene, yomogin, 1, 2, 3, 4-diepoxy-11(13)eudesmen-12, 8-olide camphor, piperitone, present in the plant [48]. The flavonoids isoquercetrin, hydroxycinnamic acids, kaempferol, gentisic, caffeic, p-coumaric, camphor (11.89%), ferulic acids b-thujone (19.19%), borneol (4.44%), chrysanthenone (4.48%), sabinene (11.29%) and germacrene D (8.42%) and several quinic acid derivatives chlorogenic, 3-caffeoylquinic, 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic, 1,3-dicaffeoylquinic, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic, 1,4-dicaffeoylquinic and 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acids, 5-feruloyl, quinic and other phenolic compounds are present in the plant [27,35,43]. α-Thujone, caryophyllene oxide, 1, 8 cineole are the major vital oil [49].…”

Vigna unguiculata L. Walp. Leaves as a Source of Phytochemicals of Dietary Interest: Optimization of Ultrasound‐Assisted Extraction and Assessment of Traditional Consumer Habits

“…If combined with the optimal drug-to-solvent ratio and with three cycles of extraction to let total exhaustion of the matrix, it is also possible to lower significantly the amount of organic solvent that in our study was found to be optimal in a ratio 1 : 2 v/v in combination with water, which is a percentage significantly lower compared to that of many studies where the extractant is represented by at least 50 % v/v of organic solvent. [29,30] The analysis of the phytochemical composition of cowpea leaves displayed that most of the compounds occurring within the matrix are conjugated with glycosides or sugar moieties that are likely to increase the overall polarity of the phytocomplex. This may justify the need for a low amount of ethanol to obtain the optimal recovery of antioxidant compounds, making cowpea leaves an interesting matrix as regards their usage as a food supplement.…”

Phytopharmaceutical characterization of Curcuma angustifolia Roxb. collected from Manipur, India

“…The extracted essential oil (EO) of Curcuma angustifolia Roxb. was analyzed for phytochemicals screening using the standard techniques with a slight modification (Thangjam et al 2020;Iqbal et al 2015).…”