PHYTOCHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL STUDY OF (Senecio glaucus subsp. coronopifolius ) (MAIRE) C. ALEXANDER GROWING IN EGYPT

Abstract

Senecio glaucus subsp. coronopifolius (Maire) C. Alexander is wild annual herb distributed in the Egyptian deserts. Total phenolic and flavonoid content of plant root were determined using both HPLC and colorimetric analysis. Syringic acid and hesperidin (1378.802 and 6638.247 mg / 100 gm. dried plant root powder, respectively) were of the highest concentration compounds resulted from HPLC analysis of total phenolic and flavonoid content. The colorimetric estimation of total phenolic and flavonoid content resulted in concentration of (98.23 ± 0.28 mg/gm. expressed as Gallic acid equivalent (GAE) and 35.9± 0.17 mg/gm. expressed as quercetin equivalent (QE), respectively). GC-MS analysis of un-saponifiable matters and fatty acid methyl esters of the plant leaves indicated that octacosane (11.85%) and linolenic acid methyl ester (31.07%) (poly-unsaturated fatty acid) were the major identified compounds, respectively. The DNA of the plant was analyzed using twelve random decamer primers. A total of 52 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were identified. Root extracts (ethyl acetate, acetone and methyl alcohol) were subjected to determine the antimicrobial behavior and also their cytotoxic activity, by using (3-(4, 5dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) (MTT) assay against colon carcinoma cell lines (HCT-116). Among the fore mentioned extracts, root ethyl acetate extract gave appreciable antibacterial and antifungal behavior and also had promising cytotoxic activity with IC 50 = 7.39 ±1.2 µg/ml. Root methyl alcohol extract showed antioxidant activity with IC 50 = 79.57 ± 0.74 µg/ml, using 2, 2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay.

In Vitro Antioxidant, Cytotoxic Activities, and Phenolic Profile of Senecio glaucus from Saudi Arabia

“…Albayrak et al (2014) reported that several species of the Senecio genus growing in Turkey contained high total phenolic contents that ranged from 11.63 ± 2.1 mg GAE/g extract in S. viscosus to 117.45 ± 1.8 mg GAE/g in S. cilicius [ 30 ]. The total phenolic contents for the same species found in Egypt also showed comparable values [ 19 ].…”

“…The results were compared with a recent study which reported that essential oils from S. glaucus exerted a concentration-dependent DPPH scavenging activity [ 38 ]. Furthermore, Mohamed (2015) found that root methyl alcohol extract of S. glaucus growing in Egypt had an antioxidant activity with IC 50 = 79.57 ± 0.74 μ g/ml using the DPPH method [ 19 ]. There were no major differences between our results and the results of other previously reported studies, and this may be due to the presence of the same chemical constituents, including GA and VA.…”

“…The presence of bioactive compounds in S. glaucus , such as phenolics, saponins, flavonoids, and tannins, as well as some volatile essential oils, has been reported [ 18 ]. S. glaucus reportedly exhibits significant cytotoxic activity against colon carcinoma cells [ 19 ]. As part of our systematic investigation of various plant species scattered in Saudi Arabia, we aimed to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic effects of S. glaucus .…”

Chemophenetic Approach to Selected Senecioneae Species, Combining Morphometric and UHPLC-HRMS Analyses

“…Senecio species are reported to accumulate sesquiterpenoids (eremophilanes, furanoeremophilanes, cacalols, eudesmanes, oplopanes, germacranes, etc.) and pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) [1,8,9], phenolic compounds [10][11][12][13][14][15], and various other secondary metabolites [4,9,16]. Senecio species have been described to possess analgesic [17] and hypoglycemic [18] activity, related to the typical for the genus sesquiterpene lactones, and insecticidal properties [19] related to the presence of PAs.…”

“…Senecio species have been described to possess analgesic [17] and hypoglycemic [18] activity, related to the typical for the genus sesquiterpene lactones, and insecticidal properties [19] related to the presence of PAs. Additionally, the taxa are reported to express strong antioxidant, cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity due to the presence of phenolics [11][12][13]15].…”