Phytochemical analysis and in vitro screening of antifungal activity of Jatropha multifida, Euphorbia hirta, Occimum gratissimum and Mitracarpus scaber leaves extract

Abstract

The research study was to understudy the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical compounds and antifungal activity of methanolic extracts of Jatropha multifida, Euphorbia hirta, Occimum gratissimum and Mitracarpus scaber leaves against 12 species of fungi. The 8 phytochemical compounds tested were saponin, phenol, tannin, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoid, alkaloid and glycoside. The antifungi sensitivity test was analysed by Kirby-bauer disc diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) was analysed by broth tube dilution method followed by subculturing the relative samples. The plant extracts were prepared in the concentration range of 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50,100 and 200 mg/ml. The antifungal sensitivity test showed that Jatropha multifida (200mg/ml) was weakly effective against Fusarium solani and resistant against others. Occimum gratissimum, Euphorbia hirta and Mitracarpus scaber at (200mg/ml) respectively was highly effective on most of the fungi species tested with zone of inhibition of 10-20mm. Jatropha multifida had MIC and MFC (>200mg/ml), Occimum gratissimum had MIC and MFC (100 and >100mg/ml), Euphorbia hirta (25-200 and 50 - >200mg/ml) and Mitracarpus scaber had (25 - 100 and 50-200mg/ml) on most test isolates respectively. Investigations showed, Mitracarpus scaber were highly effective, followed by Euphorbia hirta, Occimum gratissimum and Jatropha multifida on the test organisms and could be attributed to the presence of phytochemical compounds and as such can be harnessed and used as a source of alternative medicine especially in the tropics like the South-eastern Nigeria.

Antibacterial Potential and Phytochemical Investigation of Medicinal Plant (Euphorbia Hirta Linn)

“…Our results are quite lower than those of (Basyal et al, 2021) who have prepared ethyl acetate extract of E. hirta plant and the phenolic contents was found to be 288.10 mg GAE/g. (Aqib, 2021) has estimated methanol extract of leaf of E. hirta 0.0023 mg/100g, (Anarado et al, 2020) have reported that ethyl acetate extract of E. hirta leaf contained total phenolic 8.59 mg/l, (Tran, Nguyen, et al, 2020) have estimated that all extracts of E. hirta i-e methanol 110, ether 91, chloroform 56, ethyl acetate 255 and butanol 71 mg GAE/g phenolic and (K. R. SHARMA, 2020) has analyzed that methanol extract of E. hirta plant contained phenolic 138 mg GAE/g.…”

“…Various parts (leaves, roots, seeds etc.) of medicinal plants extracts have long been used since ancient times for treating various human pathogenic diseases (Aqib, 2021). It is documented that four out of five persons depend on traditional medicine for their basic healthcare necessities worldwide (Kebede, Gadisa, & Tufa, 2021).…”

Protective Evaluation of feed fortified with Alstonia boonei and Mitracarpus scaber in African Catfish exposed to Aeromonas hydrophila: Clinicopathology and immunohistochemistry

“…In the same vein, M. scaber also contains bioactive ingredients that are used as therapeutic agents and feed additives. The plant has been reported to contain bactericidal and fungicidal properties which are employed in the treatment of various skin infections including wounds and ulcerations (Kwembe et al, 2020;Ekalu, 2021;Nwofor et al, 2021). The bene ts of these two plants have not been extensively maximised in aquaculture.…”